我有一个解决这个问题的办法。我已经在自己的应用(DAU超过30万)中验证了这一修复方法，它至少可以减少95%的这种崩溃，但仍然不能100%避免这个问题。

即使您确保在服务启动后调用start前台()，也会发生此问题。这可能是因为在很多情况下，服务创建和初始化过程已经花费了超过5秒的时间，那么无论何时何地调用startForeground()方法，这个崩溃都是不可避免的。

我的解决方案是确保start前台()将在startForegroundService()方法后的5秒内执行，无论您的服务需要创建和初始化多长时间。下面是详细的解决方案。

Do not use startForegroundService at the first place, use bindService() with auto_create flag. It will wait for the service initialization. Here is the code, my sample service is MusicService: final Context applicationContext = context.getApplicationContext(); Intent intent = new Intent(context, MusicService.class); applicationContext.bindService(intent, new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder binder) { if (binder instanceof MusicBinder) { MusicBinder musicBinder = (MusicBinder) binder; MusicService service = musicBinder.getService(); if (service != null) { // start a command such as music play or pause. service.startCommand(command); // force the service to run in foreground here. // the service is already initialized when bind and auto_create. service.forceForeground(); } } applicationContext.unbindService(this); } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { } }, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE); Then here is MusicBinder implementation: /** * Use weak reference to avoid binder service leak. */ public class MusicBinder extends Binder { private WeakReference<MusicService> weakService; /** * Inject service instance to weak reference. */ public void onBind(MusicService service) { this.weakService = new WeakReference<>(service); } public MusicService getService() { return weakService == null ? null : weakService.get(); } } The most important part, MusicService implementation, forceForeground() method will ensure that startForeground() method is called just after service start: public class MusicService extends MediaBrowserServiceCompat { ... private final MusicBinder musicBind = new MusicBinder(); ... @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { musicBind.onBind(this); return musicBind; } ... public void forceForeground() { // API lower than 26 do not need this work around. if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) { Notification notification = mNotificationHandler.createNotification(this); // call startForeground just after service start. startForeground(Constants.NOTIFICATION_ID, notification); } } } If you want to run the step 1 code snippet in a pending intent, such as if you want to start a foreground service in a widget (a click on widget button) without opening your app, you can wrap the code snippet in a broadcast receiver, and fire a broadcast event instead of start service command.

仅此而已。希望能有所帮助。祝你好运。

如果你在调用service . start前台(…)之前调用Context.startForegroundService(…)，然后再调用Context.stopService(…)，你的应用程序会崩溃。

我这里有清晰的复制品前景服务api26

我在谷歌问题跟踪器上打开了一个bug

这方面的几个bug已经被打开和关闭不会修复。

希望我的与明确的复制步骤将使削减。

谷歌团队提供的信息

谷歌问题跟踪器评论36

这不是一个框架错误;这是故意的。如果应用程序使用startForegroundService()启动一个服务实例，它必须将该服务实例转换到前台状态并显示通知。如果服务实例在start前台()被调用之前就停止了，那么这个承诺就没有实现:这是应用程序中的一个bug。

re# 31，发布一个其他应用程序可以直接启动的服务从根本上来说是不安全的。您可以通过将该服务的所有启动操作都视为需要startForeground()来减轻这一点，尽管这显然不是您想要的。

谷歌问题跟踪器评论56

这里有几种不同的情况会导致相同的结果。

完全的语义问题是，用startForegroundService()启动一些东西，但忽略了通过startForeground()实际将其转换到前台，这只是一个语义问题。这被故意视为应用程序漏洞。在将服务转移到前台之前停止服务是应用程序错误。这是OP的关键，也是为什么这个问题被标记为“按预期工作”。

然而，也有关于这个问题的虚假检测的问题。这是一个真正的问题，尽管它是分开跟踪这个特殊的bug跟踪器问题。我们对抱怨不是充耳不闻。

提醒一下，我在这上面浪费了太多时间。我一直得到这个异常，即使我调用start前台(..)作为onCreate(..)的第一件事。 最后，我发现这个问题是由于使用NOTIFICATION_ID = 0引起的。使用任何其他值似乎都可以解决这个问题。

我调用ContextCompat。startForegroundService(this, intent)然后启动服务

在服务onCreate中

 @Override
 public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
            String CHANNEL_ID = "my_channel_01";
            NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID,
                    "Channel human readable title",
                    NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);

            ((NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)).createNotificationChannel(channel);

            Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
                    .setContentTitle("")
                    .setContentText("").build();

            startForeground(1, notification);
        }
}

服务

class TestService : Service() {

    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()
        Log.d(TAG, "onCreate")

        val nBuilder = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, "all")
            .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher_foreground)
            .setContentTitle("TestService")
            .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
        startForeground(1337, nBuilder.build())
    }

    override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
        val rtn = super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId)

        if (intent?.action == STOP_ACTION) {
            Log.d(TAG, "onStartCommand -> STOP")
            stopForeground(true)
            stopSelf()
        } else {
            Log.d(TAG, "onStartCommand -> START")
        }

        return rtn
    }

    override fun onDestroy() {
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy")
        super.onDestroy()
    }

    override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? = null

    companion object {

        private val TAG = "TestService"
        private val STOP_ACTION = "ly.zen.test.TestService.ACTION_STOP"

        fun start(context: Context) {
            ContextCompat.startForegroundService(context, Intent(context, TestService::class.java))
        }

        fun stop(context: Context) {
            val intent = Intent(context, TestService::class.java)
            intent.action = STOP_ACTION
            ContextCompat.startForegroundService(context, intent)
        }

    }

}

测试人员

val nChannel = NotificationChannel("all", "All", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE)
val nManager = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
nManager.createNotificationChannel(nChannel)

start_test_service.setOnClickListener {
    TestService.start(this@MainActivity)
    TestService.stop(this@MainActivity)
}

结果

D/TestService: onCreate
D/TestService: onStartCommand -> START
D/TestService: onStartCommand -> STOP
D/TestService: onDestroy

请不要在onCreate()方法中调用任何StartForgroundServices，你必须在onStartCommand()中调用StartForground services，否则你将总是得到ANR，所以请不要在onStartCommand()的主线程中编写复杂的登录;

public class Services extends Service {

    private static final String ANDROID_CHANNEL_ID = "com.xxxx.Location.Channel";
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }


    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
            Notification.Builder builder = new Notification.Builder(this, ANDROID_CHANNEL_ID)
                    .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
                    .setContentText("SmartTracker Running")
                    .setAutoCancel(true);
            Notification notification = builder.build();
            startForeground(1, notification);
            Log.e("home_button","home button");
        } else {
            NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
                    .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
                    .setContentText("SmartTracker is Running...")
                    .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
                    .setAutoCancel(true);
            Notification notification = builder.build();
            startForeground(1, notification);
            Log.e("home_button_value","home_button_value");

        }
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

    }
}

编辑:小心!start前台函数不能以0作为第一个参数，它将引发异常!这个例子包含错误的函数调用，将0更改为你自己的const，它不能为0或大于Max(Int32)