显然，你现在可以在Windows上使用NLog和Growl了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

    <extensions>
        <add assembly="NLog.Targets.GrowlNotify" />
    </extensions>

    <targets>
        <target name="growl" type="GrowlNotify" password="" host="" port="" />
    </targets>

    <rules>
        <logger name="*" minLevel="Trace" appendTo="growl"/>
    </rules>

</nlog>

显然，你现在可以在Windows上使用NLog和Growl了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

    <extensions>
        <add assembly="NLog.Targets.GrowlNotify" />
    </extensions>

    <targets>
        <target name="growl" type="GrowlNotify" password="" host="" port="" />
    </targets>

    <rules>
        <logger name="*" minLevel="Trace" appendTo="growl"/>
    </rules>

</nlog>

根据是否有错误记录不同的级别

此示例允许您在代码中出现错误时获取更多信息。基本上，它缓冲消息，只输出那些在一定的日志级别(例如警告)，除非满足一定的条件(例如，有一个错误，所以日志级别是>=错误)，然后它将输出更多的信息(例如，所有来自日志级别>= Trace的消息)。因为消息是缓冲的，这让您可以收集关于在Error或ErrorException被记录之前发生了什么的跟踪信息——非常有用!

I adapted this one from an example in the source code. I was thrown at first because I left out the AspNetBufferingWrapper (since mine isn't an ASP app) - it turns out that the PostFilteringWrapper requires some buffered target. Note that the target-ref element used in the above-linked example cannot be used in NLog 1.0 (I am using 1.0 Refresh for a .NET 4.0 app); it is necessary to put your target inside the wrapper block. Also note that the logic syntax (i.e. greater-than or less-than symbols, < and >) has to use the symbols, not the XML escapes for those symbols (i.e. &gt; and &lt;) or else NLog will error.

app.config:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
    <configSections>
        <section name="nlog" type="NLog.Config.ConfigSectionHandler, NLog"/>
    </configSections>

    <nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          throwExceptions="true" internalLogToConsole="true" internalLogLevel="Warn" internalLogFile="nlog.log">
        <variable name="appTitle" value="My app"/>
        <variable name="csvPath" value="${specialfolder:folder=Desktop:file=${appTitle} log.csv}"/>

        <targets async="true">
            <!--The following will keep the default number of log messages in a buffer and write out certain levels if there is an error and other levels if there is not. Messages that appeared before the error (in code) will be included, since they are buffered.-->
            <wrapper-target xsi:type="BufferingWrapper" name="smartLog">
                <wrapper-target xsi:type="PostFilteringWrapper">
                    <!--<target-ref name="fileAsCsv"/>-->
                    <target xsi:type="File" fileName="${csvPath}"
                    archiveAboveSize="4194304" concurrentWrites="false" maxArchiveFiles="1" archiveNumbering="Sequence"
                    >
                        <layout xsi:type="CsvLayout" delimiter="Tab" withHeader="false">
                            <column name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
                            <column name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
                            <column name="message" layout="${message}" />
                            <column name="callsite" layout="${callsite:includeSourcePath=true}" />
                            <column name="stacktrace" layout="${stacktrace:topFrames=10}" />
                            <column name="exception" layout="${exception:format=ToString}"/>
                            <!--<column name="logger" layout="${logger}"/>-->
                        </layout>
                    </target>

                     <!--during normal execution only log certain messages--> 
                    <defaultFilter>level >= LogLevel.Warn</defaultFilter>

                     <!--if there is at least one error, log everything from trace level--> 
                    <when exists="level >= LogLevel.Error" filter="level >= LogLevel.Trace" />
                </wrapper-target>
            </wrapper-target>

        </targets>

        <rules>
            <logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="smartLog"/>
        </rules>
    </nlog>
</configuration>

登录Twitter

Based on this post about a log4net Twitter Appender, I thought I would try my hand at writing a NLog Twitter Target (using NLog 1.0 refresh, not 2.0). Alas, so far I have not been able to get a Tweet to actually post successfully. I don't know if it is something wrong in my code, Twitter, our company's internet connection/firewall, or what. I am posting the code here in case someone is interested in trying it out. Note that there are three different "Post" methods. The first one that I tried is PostMessageToTwitter. PostMessageToTwitter is essentially the same as PostLoggingEvent in the orignal post. If I use that I get a 401 exception. PostMessageBasic gets the same exception. PostMessage runs with no errors, but the message still does not make it up to Twitter. PostMessage and PostMessageBasic are based on examples that I found here on SO.

仅供参考——我刚刚发现了@Jason Diller对这篇文章的一个回答的评论，他说twitter将在下个月关闭基本的身份验证。这是在2010年5月，现在是2010年12月，所以我想这可能就是为什么它不起作用的原因。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Net;
using System.Web;
using System.IO;

using NLog;
using NLog.Targets;
using NLog.Config;

namespace NLogExtensions
{
  [Target("TwitterTarget")]
  public class TwitterTarget : TargetWithLayout
  {
    private const string REQUEST_CONTENT_TYPE = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";  

    private const string REQUEST_METHOD = "POST";  

    // The source attribute has been removed from the Twitter API,  
    // unless you're using OAuth.  
    // Even if you are using OAuth, there's still an approval process.  
    // Not worth it; "API" will work for now!  
    // private const string TWITTER_SOURCE_NAME = "Log4Net";  
    private const string TWITTER_UPDATE_URL_FORMAT = "http://twitter.com/statuses/update.xml?status={0}";  

    [RequiredParameter]
    public string TwitterUserName { get; set; }

    [RequiredParameter]
    public string TwitterPassword { get; set; }

    protected override void Write(LogEventInfo logEvent)
    {
      if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(TwitterUserName) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(TwitterPassword)) return;

      string msg = this.CompiledLayout.GetFormattedMessage(logEvent);

      if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(msg)) return;

      try
      {
        //PostMessageToTwitter(msg);
        PostMessageBasic(msg);
      }
      catch (Exception ex)
      {
        //Should probably do something here ...
      }
    }

    private void PostMessageBasic(string msg)
    {
      // Create a webclient with the twitter account credentials, which will be used to set the HTTP header for basic authentication 
      WebClient client = new WebClient { Credentials = new NetworkCredential { UserName = TwitterUserName, Password = TwitterPassword } };

      // Don't wait to receive a 100 Continue HTTP response from the server before sending out the message body 
      ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;

      // Construct the message body 
      byte[] messageBody = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("status=" + msg);

      // Send the HTTP headers and message body (a.k.a. Post the data) 
      client.UploadData(@"http://twitter.com/statuses/update.xml", messageBody);
    }

    private void PostMessage(string msg)
    {
      string user = Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(TwitterUserName + ":" + TwitterPassword));
      byte [] bytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("status=" + msg.ToTweet());
      HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://twitter.com/statuses/update.xml");
      request.Method = "POST";
      request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;
      request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "Basic " + user);
      request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
      request.ContentLength = bytes.Length;
      Stream reqStream = request.GetRequestStream();
      reqStream.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
      reqStream.Close();
    }

    private void PostMessageToTwitter(string msg)
    {
      var updateRequest = HttpWebRequest.Create(string.Format(TWITTER_UPDATE_URL_FORMAT,
                                                HttpUtility.UrlEncode(msg.ToTweet()))) as HttpWebRequest;
      updateRequest.ContentLength = 0;
      updateRequest.ContentType = REQUEST_CONTENT_TYPE;
      updateRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(TwitterUserName, TwitterPassword);
      updateRequest.Method = REQUEST_METHOD;

      updateRequest.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;

      var updateResponse = updateRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;

      if (updateResponse.StatusCode != HttpStatusCode.OK && updateResponse.StatusCode != HttpStatusCode.Continue)
      {
        throw new Exception(string.Format("An error occurred while invoking the Twitter REST API [Response Code: {0}]", updateResponse.StatusCode));
      }
    }
  }

  public static class Extensions
  {
    public static string ToTweet(this string s)
    {
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s) || s.Length < 140)
      {
        return s;
      }

      return s.Substring(0, 137) + "...";
    }
  }
}

这样配置:

告诉NLog包含目标的程序集:

<extensions>
  <add assembly="NLogExtensions"/>
</extensions>

配置目标:

<targets>
    <target name="twitter" type="TwitterTarget" TwitterUserName="yourtwittername" TwitterPassword="yourtwitterpassword" layout="${longdate} ${logger} ${level} ${message}" />
</targets>

如果有人尝试了这个方法并取得了成功，请将你的发现反馈给我们。

使用条件布局用不同的布局记录每个日志级别的更简单方法

<variable name="VerboseLayout" value="${level:uppercase=true}: ${longdate} | ${logger}    : 
${when:when=level == LogLevel.Trace:inner=MONITOR_TRACE ${message}} 
${when:when=level == LogLevel.Debug:inner=MONITOR_DEBUG ${message}} 
${when:when=level == LogLevel.Info:inner=MONITOR_INFO ${message}} 
${when:when=level == LogLevel.Warn:inner=MONITOR_WARN ${message}} 
${when:when=level == LogLevel.Error:inner=MONITOR_ERROR ${message}} 
${when:when=level == LogLevel.Fatal:inner=MONITOR_CRITICAL ${message}} |     
${exception:format=tostring} | ${newline} ${newline}" />

参见https://github.com/NLog/NLog/wiki/When-Filter查看语法

向外部网站/数据库报告

我想要一种简单而自动地报告应用程序错误的方法(因为用户通常不会这样做)。我能想到的最简单的解决方案是一个公共URL——一个可以接受输入并将其存储到数据库的网页——在应用程序出现错误时发送数据。(然后，开发人员或脚本可以检查数据库，以了解是否有新的错误。)

我用PHP编写了网页，并创建了mysql数据库、用户和表来存储数据。我决定使用四个用户变量、一个id和一个时间戳。可能的变量(包括在URL中或作为POST数据)是:

App(应用名称) msg(消息-例如，异常发生…) dev(开发人员，例如Pat) src (source -这将来自与应用程序正在运行的机器相关的变量，例如Environment。MachineName或其他类似的名称) 日志(日志文件或详细消息)

(所有的变量都是可选的，但是如果它们都没有设置，什么都不会报告-所以如果你只是访问网站URL，什么都不会发送到db。)

为了将数据发送到URL，我使用了NLog的WebService目标。(注意，一开始我在这个目标上遇到了一些问题。直到我看了源代码，我才发现我的url不能以/结尾。)

总而言之，对于监控外部应用程序来说，这是个不错的系统。(当然，礼貌的做法是通知您的用户您将报告可能敏感的数据，并给他们一个选择加入/退出的方法。)

MySQL的东西

(db用户在自己的数据库中对这个表只有INSERT权限。)

CREATE TABLE `reports` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `ts` timestamp NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  `applicationName` text,
  `message` text,
  `developer` text,
  `source` text,
  `logData` longtext,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='storage place for reports from external applications'

网站代码

(php5.3或5.2启用PDO，文件是index.php在/report文件夹)

<?php
$app = $_REQUEST['app'];
$msg = $_REQUEST['msg'];
$dev = $_REQUEST['dev'];
$src = $_REQUEST['src'];
$log = $_REQUEST['log'];

$dbData =
    array(  ':app' => $app,
            ':msg' => $msg,
            ':dev' => $dev,
            ':src' => $src,
            ':log' => $log
    );
//print_r($dbData); // For debugging only! This could allow XSS attacks.
if(isEmpty($dbData)) die("No data provided");

try {
$db = new PDO("mysql:host=$host;dbname=reporting", "reporter", $pass, array(
    PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true
));
$s = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO reporting.reports 
    (
    applicationName, 
    message, 
    developer, 
    source, 
    logData
    )
    VALUES
    (
    :app, 
    :msg, 
    :dev, 
    :src, 
    :log
    );"
    );
$s->execute($dbData);
print "Added report to database";
} catch (PDOException $e) {
// Sensitive information can be displayed if this exception isn't handled
//print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br/>";
die("PDO error");
}

function isEmpty($array = array()) {
    foreach ($array as $element) {
        if (!empty($element)) {
            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}
?>

App代码(NLog配置文件)

<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      throwExceptions="true" internalLogToConsole="true" internalLogLevel="Warn" internalLogFile="nlog.log">
    <variable name="appTitle" value="My External App"/>
    <variable name="csvPath" value="${specialfolder:folder=Desktop:file=${appTitle} log.csv}"/>
    <variable name="developer" value="Pat"/>

    <targets async="true">
        <!--The following will keep the default number of log messages in a buffer and write out certain levels if there is an error and other levels if there is not. Messages that appeared before the error (in code) will be included, since they are buffered.-->
        <wrapper-target xsi:type="BufferingWrapper" name="smartLog">
            <wrapper-target xsi:type="PostFilteringWrapper">
                <target xsi:type="File" fileName="${csvPath}"
                archiveAboveSize="4194304" concurrentWrites="false" maxArchiveFiles="1" archiveNumbering="Sequence"
                >
                    <layout xsi:type="CsvLayout" delimiter="Comma" withHeader="false">
                        <column name="time" layout="${longdate}" />
                        <column name="level" layout="${level:upperCase=true}"/>
                        <column name="message" layout="${message}" />
                        <column name="callsite" layout="${callsite:includeSourcePath=true}" />
                        <column name="stacktrace" layout="${stacktrace:topFrames=10}" />
                        <column name="exception" layout="${exception:format=ToString}"/>
                        <!--<column name="logger" layout="${logger}"/>-->
                    </layout>
                </target>

                 <!--during normal execution only log certain messages--> 
                <defaultFilter>level >= LogLevel.Warn</defaultFilter>

                 <!--if there is at least one error, log everything from trace level--> 
                <when exists="level >= LogLevel.Error" filter="level >= LogLevel.Trace" />
            </wrapper-target>
        </wrapper-target>

        <target xsi:type="WebService" name="web"
                url="http://example.com/report" 
                methodName=""
                namespace=""
                protocol="HttpPost"
                >
            <parameter name="app" layout="${appTitle}"/>
            <parameter name="msg" layout="${message}"/>
            <parameter name="dev" layout="${developer}"/>
            <parameter name="src" layout="${environment:variable=UserName} (${windows-identity}) on ${machinename} running os ${environment:variable=OSVersion} with CLR v${environment:variable=Version}"/>
            <parameter name="log" layout="${file-contents:fileName=${csvPath}}"/>
        </target>

    </targets>

    <rules>
        <logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="smartLog"/>
        <logger name="*" minlevel="Error" writeTo="web"/>
    </rules>
</nlog>

注意:日志文件的大小可能会有一些问题，但我还没有想出一个简单的方法来截断它(例如la *nix的tail命令)。