我正在设置一个新的服务器,但一直遇到这个问题。

当我尝试登录MySQL数据库与根用户,我得到的错误:

错误1698(28000):用户“root”@“localhost”被拒绝访问

不管我是通过终端(SSH)连接,还是通过phpMyAdmin或MySQL客户端(例如Navicat)连接。他们都失败了。

我看了mysql。用户表,得到如下:

+------------------+-------------------+
| user             | host              |
+------------------+-------------------+
| root             | %                 |
| root             | 127.0.0.1         |
| amavisd          | localhost         |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost         |
| iredadmin        | localhost         |
| iredapd          | localhost         |
| mysql.sys        | localhost         |
| phpmyadmin       | localhost         |
| root             | localhost         |
| roundcube        | localhost         |
| vmail            | localhost         |
| vmailadmin       | localhost         |
| amavisd          | test4.folkmann.it |
| iredadmin        | test4.folkmann.it |
| iredapd          | test4.folkmann.it |
| roundcube        | test4.folkmann.it |
| vmail            | test4.folkmann.it |
| vmailadmin       | test4.folkmann.it |
+------------------+-------------------+

如您所见,root用户应该具有访问权限。

服务器非常简单,因为我已经尝试了一段时间来解决这个问题。

它运行Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS (Xenial Xerus)和Apache, MySQL和PHP,这样它就可以托管网站,iRedMail 0.9.5-1,这样它就可以托管邮件。

在安装iRedMail之前,登录MySQL数据库工作正常。我也试过只安装iRedMail,但根也不能用。

如何解决MySQL登录问题,或者如何在现有的MySQL安装上安装iRedMail ?是的,我尝试了安装提示,我在配置文件中找不到这些变量。


当前回答

不需要sudo

数据库初始化时使用2个全特权帐户:第一个帐户是“root”,无法访问,第二个帐户是您的用户名(使用命令whoami检查)。

要访问root帐户,您需要使用您的用户名登录

mysql -u $(whoami)

并手动修改root用户密码

use mysql;
set password for 'root'@'localhost' = password('YOUR_ROOT_PASSWORD_HERE');
flush privileges;
quit

以“root”身份登录

mysql -u root -p

其他回答

不需要sudo

数据库初始化时使用2个全特权帐户:第一个帐户是“root”,无法访问,第二个帐户是您的用户名(使用命令whoami检查)。

要访问root帐户,您需要使用您的用户名登录

mysql -u $(whoami)

并手动修改root用户密码

use mysql;
set password for 'root'@'localhost' = password('YOUR_ROOT_PASSWORD_HERE');
flush privileges;
quit

以“root”身份登录

mysql -u root -p

这种情况也发生在我身上。问题出在Linux发行版自带的MySQL存储库上。所以当你简单地这样做时:

sudo apt install mysql-server

它从默认的存储库安装MySQL,这就产生了这个问题。所以为了克服这个问题,你需要卸载已经安装好的MySQL:

sudo apt remove mysql* --purge --auto-remove

请在MySQL官方网站“MySQL APT repository”下载。

请参考他们的文档,了解如何添加存储库和 安装它。这没有问题。

正如zetacu所回答的,您可以验证MySQL根用户现在确实使用mysql_native_password插件。

对于任何尝试这里的解决方案,没有工作,确保你使用了正确的命令,sudo sudo mysql -u root -p而不是mysql mysql -u root -p。

您需要输入两个密码,一个是当前用户的密码,一个是根用户的密码。

首先

sudo mysql -u root -p

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';

我们会看到这样的东西:

+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+

我们需要改变这些行:

validate_password.length validate_password.number_count validate_password.policy validate_password.special_char_count

SET GLOBAL validate_password.policy=LOW;
SET GLOBAL validate_password.length=4;
SET GLOBAL validate_password.number_count=0;
SET GLOBAL validate_password.special_char_count=0;

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';

我们将看到:

+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON    |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password.length             | 4     |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password.number_count       | 0     |
| validate_password.policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 0     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+

现在从MySQL客户端退出:

exit;
sudo mysql -u root -p

现在你可以写密码了,四个或四个以上的字母。

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'new-password';

exit;

sudo mysql -u root -p

数据库中有root用户的新密码;

操作系统:Ubuntu 18.04(仿生海狸)

MySQL: 5.7

Add the skip-grant-tables to the end of file mysqld.cnf Copy the my.cnf file sudo cp /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf Reset the password (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql stop (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql start (base) ➜ ~ mysql -uroot Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.25-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed, 3 warnings mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('newpass') where user='root' and Host ='localhost'; Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1 mysql> update user set plugin="mysql_native_password"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 4 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit Bye Remove the skip-grant-tables from my.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo emacs /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo emacs /etc/mysql/my.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql restart Open the MySQL client (base) ➜ ~ mysql -uroot -ppassword mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.25-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> Check the password policy mysql> select @@validate_password_policy; +----------------------------+ | @@validate_password_policy | +----------------------------+ | MEDIUM | +----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 6 rows in set (0.08 sec)! Change the configuration of the validate_password mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_length=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 3 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 0 | | validate_password_number_count | 3 | | validate_password_policy | LOW | | validate_password_special_char_count | 0 | +--------------------------------------+-------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Note

你应该知道你的错误是由什么引起的?validate_password_policy吗?

您应该决定重置密码以填写策略或更改策略。