@zetacu和@peter给出的答案非常准确，但只有一部分对我有用。在这里添加这个给正在使用的用户

mysql  Ver 8.0.30-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))

我的用户表是这样的:

mysql> SELECT User,Host,plugin FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| User             | Host      | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session    | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| pk               | localhost | auth_socket           |
| root             | localhost | auth_socket           |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

因此，首先我采用了第二个(推荐的)选项，用您拥有的用户名替换YOUR_SYSTEM_USER。所以，我用同样的方法创建了一个新用户，但没有任何效果。

然后我尝试了第一种方法，设置根用户使用my_native_password插件:

sudo mysql -u root
mysql> USE MySQL;
mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='mysql_native_password' WHERE 
User='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> exit;

sudo service mysql restart

它成功了!!因此，只需创建一个新用户，并使其使用my_native_password插件。

操作系统:Ubuntu 18.04(仿生海狸)

MySQL: 5.7

Add the skip-grant-tables to the end of file mysqld.cnf Copy the my.cnf file sudo cp /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf Reset the password (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql stop (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql start (base) ➜ ~ mysql -uroot Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.25-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed, 3 warnings mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('newpass') where user='root' and Host ='localhost'; Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1 mysql> update user set plugin="mysql_native_password"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 4 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit Bye Remove the skip-grant-tables from my.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo emacs /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo emacs /etc/mysql/my.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql restart Open the MySQL client (base) ➜ ~ mysql -uroot -ppassword mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.25-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> Check the password policy mysql> select @@validate_password_policy; +----------------------------+ | @@validate_password_policy | +----------------------------+ | MEDIUM | +----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 6 rows in set (0.08 sec)！ Change the configuration of the validate_password mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_length=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 3 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 0 | | validate_password_number_count | 3 | | validate_password_policy | LOW | | validate_password_special_char_count | 0 | +--------------------------------------+-------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Note

你应该知道你的错误是由什么引起的?validate_password_policy吗?

您应该决定重置密码以填写策略或更改策略。

我在Debian 8 (Jessie)虚拟机上遇到了这个问题，我在Windows 10桌面上通过PuTTY进行交互。

我尝试了这里的各种建议，但都不太管用，我正在Debian主机上运行MariaDB。最后，我发现我无法在安全模式下启动数据库服务器，但我不需要这样做，下面的命令实际上对我有用，即允许新创建的MySQL用户登录到MySQL/MariaDB服务器:

sudo service mysql restart
sudo mysql # Logs in automatically into MariaDB
use mysql;
update user set plugin='' where user='your_user_name';
flush privileges;
exit;
sudo service mysql restart # Restarts the MySQL service

如果上面的方法对你不太管用，那就按照zetacu的帖子中列出的步骤来做，然后再按照我的步骤来做。

现在你应该能够使用远程终端客户端，并安全地登录到MySQL使用命令:

mysql -u your_user_name -p

*在提示时输入密码

对于任何尝试这里的解决方案，没有工作，确保你使用了正确的命令，sudo sudo mysql -u root -p而不是mysql mysql -u root -p。

您需要输入两个密码，一个是当前用户的密码，一个是根用户的密码。

不需要sudo

数据库初始化时使用2个全特权帐户:第一个帐户是“root”，无法访问，第二个帐户是您的用户名(使用命令whoami检查)。

要访问root帐户，您需要使用您的用户名登录

mysql -u $(whoami)

并手动修改root用户密码

use mysql;
set password for 'root'@'localhost' = password('YOUR_ROOT_PASSWORD_HERE');
flush privileges;
quit

以“root”身份登录

mysql -u root -p

在一些系统上，比如Ubuntu, MySQL默认使用Unix auth_socket插件。

基本上，这意味着:db_users使用它，将由系统用户凭证“验证”。您可以通过执行以下操作查看您的根用户是否像这样设置:

sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since it was a new installation

mysql> USE mysql;
mysql> SELECT User, Host, plugin FROM mysql.user;

+------------------+-----------------------+
| User             | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------------------+
| root             | auth_socket           |
| mysql.sys        | mysql_native_password |
| debian-sys-maint | mysql_native_password |
+------------------+-----------------------+

正如您在查询中看到的，根用户正在使用auth_socket插件。

有两种方法可以解决这个问题:

您可以设置root用户使用mysql_native_password插件 您可以使用system_user创建一个新的db_user(推荐)

选项1:

sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since it was a new installation

mysql> USE mysql;
mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='mysql_native_password' WHERE User='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> exit;

sudo service mysql restart

选项2:(用您拥有的用户名替换YOUR_SYSTEM_USER)

sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since it was a new installation

mysql> USE mysql;
mysql> CREATE USER 'YOUR_SYSTEM_USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'YOUR_PASSWD';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'YOUR_SYSTEM_USER'@'localhost';
mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='auth_socket' WHERE User='YOUR_SYSTEM_USER';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> exit;

sudo service mysql restart

记住，如果你使用选项#2，你必须连接到MySQL作为你的系统用户名(MySQL -u YOUR_SYSTEM_USER)。

注意:在某些系统上(例如Debian 9 (Stretch))， 'auth_socket'插件被称为'unix_socket'，因此相应的SQL命令应该是:

从andy的评论来看，MySQL 8.x。X更新/替换了caching_sha2_password的auth_socket。我没有MySQL 8.x的系统设置。X来检验这个。但是，上面的步骤应该可以帮助您理解这个问题。下面是回答:

MySQL 8.0.4的一个变化是新的默认认证插件是'caching_sha2_password'。新的“YOUR_SYSTEM_USER”将有这个身份验证插件，你可以从Bash shell登录，现在使用“mysql -u YOUR_SYSTEM_USER -p”，并在提示符上提供该用户的密码。不需要执行“UPDATE user SET plugin”步骤。

关于8.0.4默认认证插件的更新，请参见MySQL 8.0.4: New default authentication plugin: caching_sha2_password。