严格相等运算符将告诉您两个对象类型是否相等。然而，是否有一种方法来判断两个对象是否相等，就像Java中的哈希码值一样?
堆栈溢出问题JavaScript中有hashCode函数吗?类似于这个问题，但需要一个更学术的答案。上面的场景说明了为什么有必要有一个，我想知道是否有等效的解决方案。
当前回答
虽然这个问题已经得到了充分的回答，但我还缺少一种方法:toJSON接口。
通常你想通过字符串化来比较object，因为这是最快的方法。但往往比较被认为是假的，因为性质的顺序。
const obj1 = {
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: {
ca: 1,
cb: 2
}
}
const obj2 = {
b: 2, // changed order with a
a: 1,
c: {
ca: 1,
cb: 2
}
}
JSON.stringify(obj1) === JSON.stringify(obj2) // false
显然，对象被认为是不同的，因为属性a和b的顺序不同。
要解决这个问题，可以实现toJSON接口，并定义一个确定性输出。
const obj1 = {
a: 1,
b: 2,
c: {
ca: 1,
cb: 2
},
toJSON() {
return {
a: this.a,
b: this.b,
c: {
ca: this.c.ca,
cb: this.c.ca
}
}
}
}
const obj2 = {
b: 2,
a: 1,
c: {
ca: 1,
cb: 2
},
toJSON() {
return {
a: this.a,
b: this.b,
c: {
ca: this.c.ca,
cb: this.c.ca
}
}
}
}
JSON.stringify(obj1) === JSON.stringify(obj2) // true
瞧:obj1和obj2的字符串表示被认为是相同的。
TIP
如果你没有直接生成对象的权限，你可以简单地附加toJSON函数:
obj1.toJSON = function() {
return {
a: this.a,
b: this.b,
c: {
ca: this.c.ca,
cb: this.c.ca
}
}
}
obj2.toJSON = function() {
return {
a: this.a,
b: this.b,
c: {
ca: this.c.ca,
cb: this.c.ca
}
}
}
JSON.stringify(obj1) === JSON.stringify(obj2) // true
其他回答
我有一个更短的函数，它将深入到所有子对象或数组。它和JSON.stringify(obj1) === JSON.stringify(obj2)一样高效，但是JSON.stringify(obj2)。如果顺序不相同(如此处所述)，Stringify将无法工作。
var obj1 = { a : 1, b : 2 };
var obj2 = { b : 2, a : 1 };
console.log(JSON.stringify(obj1) === JSON.stringify(obj2)); // false
这个函数也是一个很好的开始如果你想处理不相等的值。
function arr_or_obj(v) { return !!v && (v.constructor === Object || v.constructor === Array); } function deep_equal(v1, v2) { if (arr_or_obj(v1) && arr_or_obj(v2) && v1.constructor === v2.constructor) { if (Object.keys(v1).length === Object.keys(v2).length) // check the length for (var i in v1) { if (!deep_equal(v1[i], v2[i])) { return false; } } else { return false; } } else if (v1 !== v2) { return false; } return true; } ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// var obj1 = [ { hat : { cap : ['something', null ], helmet : [ 'triple eight', 'pro-tec' ] }, shoes : [ 'loafer', 'penny' ] }, { beers : [ 'budweiser', 'busch' ], wines : [ 'barefoot', 'yellow tail' ] } ]; var obj2 = [ { shoes : [ 'loafer', 'penny' ], // same even if the order is different hat : { cap : ['something', null ], helmet : [ 'triple eight', 'pro-tec' ] } }, { beers : [ 'budweiser', 'busch' ], wines : [ 'barefoot', 'yellow tail' ] } ]; console.log(deep_equal(obj1, obj2)); // true console.log(JSON.stringify(obj1) === JSON.stringify(obj2)); // false console.log(deep_equal([], [])); // true console.log(deep_equal({}, {})); // true console.log(deep_equal([], {})); // false
如果你想增加对Function, Date和RegExp的支持，你可以在deep_equal的开头添加这个(未测试):
if ((typeof obj1 === 'function' && typeof obj2 === 'function') ||
(obj1 instanceof Date && obj2 instanceof Date) ||
(obj1 instanceof RegExp && obj2 instanceof RegExp))
{
obj1 = obj1.toString();
obj2 = obj2.toString();
}
从我的个人库中取出，我经常用它来工作。下面的函数是一个宽大的递归深度等号，它不检查
阶级平等 继承的值 价值观严格平等
我主要用这个来检查我是否得到了对各种API实现的相等的回复。可能会出现实现差异(如字符串与数字)和额外的空值。
它的实现非常简单(如果去掉所有注释的话)
/** Recursively check if both objects are equal in value *** *** This function is designed to use multiple methods from most probable *** (and in most cases) valid, to the more regid and complex method. *** *** One of the main principles behind the various check is that while *** some of the simpler checks such as == or JSON may cause false negatives, *** they do not cause false positives. As such they can be safely run first. *** *** # !Important Note: *** as this function is designed for simplified deep equal checks it is not designed *** for the following *** *** - Class equality, (ClassA().a = 1) maybe valid to (ClassB().b = 1) *** - Inherited values, this actually ignores them *** - Values being strictly equal, "1" is equal to 1 (see the basic equality check on this) *** - Performance across all cases. This is designed for high performance on the *** most probable cases of == / JSON equality. Consider bench testing, if you have *** more 'complex' requirments *** *** @param objA : First object to compare *** @param objB : 2nd object to compare *** @param .... : Any other objects to compare *** *** @returns true if all equals, or false if invalid *** *** @license Copyright by eugene@picoded.com, 2012. *** Licensed under the MIT license: http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT **/ function simpleRecusiveDeepEqual(objA, objB) { // Multiple comparision check //-------------------------------------------- var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); if(args.length > 2) { for(var a=1; a<args.length; ++a) { if(!simpleRecusiveDeepEqual(args[a-1], args[a])) { return false; } } return true; } else if(args.length < 2) { throw "simpleRecusiveDeepEqual, requires atleast 2 arguments"; } // basic equality check, //-------------------------------------------- // if this succed the 2 basic values is equal, // such as numbers and string. // // or its actually the same object pointer. Bam // // Note that if string and number strictly equal is required // change the equality from ==, to === // if(objA == objB) { return true; } // If a value is a bsic type, and failed above. This fails var basicTypes = ["boolean", "number", "string"]; if( basicTypes.indexOf(typeof objA) >= 0 || basicTypes.indexOf(typeof objB) >= 0 ) { return false; } // JSON equality check, //-------------------------------------------- // this can fail, if the JSON stringify the objects in the wrong order // for example the following may fail, due to different string order: // // JSON.stringify( {a:1, b:2} ) == JSON.stringify( {b:2, a:1} ) // if(JSON.stringify(objA) == JSON.stringify(objB)) { return true; } // Array equality check //-------------------------------------------- // This is performed prior to iteration check, // Without this check the following would have been considered valid // // simpleRecusiveDeepEqual( { 0:1963 }, [1963] ); // // Note that u may remove this segment if this is what is intended // if( Array.isArray(objA) ) { //objA is array, objB is not an array if( !Array.isArray(objB) ) { return false; } } else if( Array.isArray(objB) ) { //objA is not array, objB is an array return false; } // Nested values iteration //-------------------------------------------- // Scan and iterate all the nested values, and check for non equal values recusively // // Note that this does not check against null equality, remove the various "!= null" // if this is required var i; //reuse var to iterate // Check objA values against objB for (i in objA) { //Protect against inherited properties if(objA.hasOwnProperty(i)) { if(objB.hasOwnProperty(i)) { // Check if deep equal is valid if(!simpleRecusiveDeepEqual( objA[i], objB[i] )) { return false; } } else if(objA[i] != null) { //ignore null values in objA, that objB does not have //else fails return false; } } } // Check if objB has additional values, that objA do not, fail if so for (i in objB) { if(objB.hasOwnProperty(i)) { if(objB[i] != null && !objA.hasOwnProperty(i)) { //ignore null values in objB, that objA does not have //else fails return false; } } } // End of all checks //-------------------------------------------- // By reaching here, all iteration scans have been done. // and should have returned false if it failed return true; } // Sanity checking of simpleRecusiveDeepEqual (function() { if( // Basic checks !simpleRecusiveDeepEqual({}, {}) || !simpleRecusiveDeepEqual([], []) || !simpleRecusiveDeepEqual(['a'], ['a']) || // Not strict checks !simpleRecusiveDeepEqual("1", 1) || // Multiple objects check !simpleRecusiveDeepEqual( { a:[1,2] }, { a:[1,2] }, { a:[1,2] } ) || // Ensure distinction between array and object (the following should fail) simpleRecusiveDeepEqual( [1963], { 0:1963 } ) || // Null strict checks simpleRecusiveDeepEqual( 0, null ) || simpleRecusiveDeepEqual( "", null ) || // Last "false" exists to make the various check above easy to comment in/out false ) { alert("FATAL ERROR: simpleRecusiveDeepEqual failed basic checks"); } else { //added this last line, for SO snippet alert on success alert("simpleRecusiveDeepEqual: Passed all checks, Yays!"); } })();
我的版本，包括发现差异的地方，以及差异是什么。
function DeepObjectCompare(O1, O2)
{
try {
DOC_Val(O1, O2, ['O1->O2', O1, O2]);
return DOC_Val(O2, O1, ['O2->O1', O1, O2]);
} catch(e) {
console.log(e.Chain);
throw(e);
}
}
function DOC_Error(Reason, Chain, Val1, Val2)
{
this.Reason=Reason;
this.Chain=Chain;
this.Val1=Val1;
this.Val2=Val2;
}
function DOC_Val(Val1, Val2, Chain)
{
function DoThrow(Reason, NewChain) { throw(new DOC_Error(Reason, NewChain!==undefined ? NewChain : Chain, Val1, Val2)); }
if(typeof(Val1)!==typeof(Val2))
return DoThrow('Type Mismatch');
if(Val1===null || Val1===undefined)
return Val1!==Val2 ? DoThrow('Null/undefined mismatch') : true;
if(Val1.constructor!==Val2.constructor)
return DoThrow('Constructor mismatch');
switch(typeof(Val1))
{
case 'object':
for(var m in Val1)
{
if(!Val1.hasOwnProperty(m))
continue;
var CurChain=Chain.concat([m]);
if(!Val2.hasOwnProperty(m))
return DoThrow('Val2 missing property', CurChain);
DOC_Val(Val1[m], Val2[m], CurChain);
}
return true;
case 'number':
if(Number.isNaN(Val1))
return !Number.isNaN(Val2) ? DoThrow('NaN mismatch') : true;
case 'string':
case 'boolean':
return Val1!==Val2 ? DoThrow('Value mismatch') : true;
case 'function':
if(Val1.prototype!==Val2.prototype)
return DoThrow('Prototype mismatch');
if(Val1!==Val2)
return DoThrow('Function mismatch');
return true;
default:
return DoThrow('Val1 is unknown type');
}
}
判断两个对象是否相似的一个快速“破解”方法是使用它们的toString()方法。如果您正在检查对象A和B，请确保A和B具有有意义的toString()方法，并检查它们返回的字符串是否相同。
这不是灵丹妙药，但有时在正确的情况下是有用的。
需要一个比已经发布的更通用的对象比较函数，我炮制了以下。批判赞赏……
Object.prototype.equals = function(iObj) {
if (this.constructor !== iObj.constructor)
return false;
var aMemberCount = 0;
for (var a in this) {
if (!this.hasOwnProperty(a))
continue;
if (typeof this[a] === 'object' && typeof iObj[a] === 'object' ? !this[a].equals(iObj[a]) : this[a] !== iObj[a])
return false;
++aMemberCount;
}
for (var a in iObj)
if (iObj.hasOwnProperty(a))
--aMemberCount;
return aMemberCount ? false : true;
}
