我同意上面的大部分帖子，我想补充的是，你的网站对搜索引擎越友好，它就越容易被抓取。你可以尝试做一些让刮刀器更难的事情，但它也可能影响你的搜索能力……当然，这取决于你想让你的网站在搜索引擎上排名有多好。

我假定您已经设置了robots.txt。

正如其他人所提到的，刮刮器可以伪造其活动的几乎每个方面，并且可能很难识别来自坏人的请求。

我会考虑:

建立一个页面/jail.html。 禁止访问robots.txt中的页面(因此尊敬的蜘蛛永远不会访问)。 在你的一个页面上放置一个链接，用CSS隐藏它(display: none)。 记录访问者的IP地址到/jail.html。

这可以帮助您快速识别来自scraper的请求，这些请求公然无视您的robots.txt。

你可能还想让你的/jail.html成为一个完整的网站，它拥有与正常页面相同的标记，但是使用假数据(/jail/album/63ajdka， /jail/track/3aads8等)。这样，在你有机会完全阻止它们之前，糟糕的抓取程序不会被提醒“异常输入”。

提供一个XML API来访问您的数据;以一种易于使用的方式。如果人们想要你的数据，他们就会得到，你不妨全力以赴。

通过这种方式，您可以以有效的方式提供功能子集，至少确保刮刮器不会消耗HTTP请求和大量带宽。

然后，您所要做的就是说服想要您的数据的人使用API。；）

快速解决这个问题的方法是设置一个陷阱。

Make a page that if it's opened a certain amount of times or even opened at all, will collect certain information like the IP and whatnot (you can also consider irregularities or patterns but this page shouldn't have to be opened at all). Make a link to this in your page that is hidden with CSS display:none; or left:-9999px; positon:absolute; try to place it in places that are less unlikely to be ignored like where your content falls under and not your footer as sometimes bots can choose to forget about certain parts of a page. In your robots.txt file set a whole bunch of disallow rules to pages you don't want friendly bots (LOL, like they have happy faces!) to gather information on and set this page as one of them. Now, If a friendly bot comes through it should ignore that page. Right but that still isn't good enough. Make a couple more of these pages or somehow re-route a page to accept differnt names. and then place more disallow rules to these trap pages in your robots.txt file alongside pages you want ignored. Collect the IP of these bots or anyone that enters into these pages, don't ban them but make a function to display noodled text in your content like random numbers, copyright notices, specific text strings, display scary pictures, basically anything to hinder your good content. You can also set links that point to a page which will take forever to load ie. in php you can use the sleep() function. This will fight the crawler back if it has some sort of detection to bypass pages that take way too long to load as some well written bots are set to process X amount of links at a time. If you have made specific text strings/sentences why not go to your favorite search engine and search for them, it might show you where your content is ending up.

无论如何，如果你从战术和创造性的角度思考，这可能是一个很好的起点。最好的办法就是学习机器人是如何工作的。

我还会考虑打乱一些ID或页面元素上的属性显示方式:

<a class="someclass" href="../xyz/abc" rel="nofollow" title="sometitle"> 

每次都会改变它的形式，因为一些机器人可能会在你的页面或目标元素中寻找特定的模式。

<a title="sometitle" href="../xyz/abc" rel="nofollow" class="someclass"> 

id="p-12802" > id="p-00392"

可能对初学者不利的事情:

IP封锁 大量使用ajax 检查引用请求头 需要登录

通常会有帮助的事情:

每周改变你的布局 robots . txt

有帮助但会让你的用户讨厌你的东西:

验证码

你可以做一些事情来防止屏幕抓取。有些不是很有效，而另一些(验证码)是，但阻碍可用性。你必须记住，它也可能阻碍合法的网站刮刀，如搜索引擎索引。

然而，我认为如果你不希望它被删除，这意味着你也不希望搜索引擎索引它。

这里有一些你可以尝试的方法:

Show the text in an image. This is quite reliable, and is less of a pain on the user than a CAPTCHA, but means they won't be able to cut and paste and it won't scale prettily or be accessible. Use a CAPTCHA and require it to be completed before returning the page. This is a reliable method, but also the biggest pain to impose on a user. Require the user to sign up for an account before viewing the pages, and confirm their email address. This will be pretty effective, but not totally - a screen-scraper might set up an account and might cleverly program their script to log in for them. If the client's user-agent string is empty, block access. A site-scraping script will often be lazily programmed and won't set a user-agent string, whereas all web browsers will. You can set up a black list of known screen scraper user-agent strings as you discover them. Again, this will only help the lazily-coded ones; a programmer who knows what he's doing can set a user-agent string to impersonate a web browser. Change the URL path often. When you change it, make sure the old one keeps working, but only for as long as one user is likely to have their browser open. Make it hard to predict what the new URL path will be. This will make it difficult for scripts to grab it if their URL is hard-coded. It'd be best to do this with some kind of script.

如果我必须这样做，我可能会结合使用后三种方法，因为它们最大限度地减少了对合法用户的不便。然而，你必须接受这样的事实:你不可能用这种方式屏蔽所有人，一旦有人想出了绕过它的方法，他们就可以永远地刮掉它。我猜你可以在发现他们的时候屏蔽他们的IP地址。