好吧,和一个6岁的孩子谈话,我可能会使用随后的协会。

想象一下 - 你正在玩你的小兄弟姐妹在整个房子,你正在移动周围与你的玩具,并将其中的一些带到你的哥哥的房间。 过了一会儿,你的哥哥从学校回来,去了他的房间,他锁在里面,所以现在你不能访问玩具留在那里再直接的方式。

比较一个情况,当一个门被草案锁定,没有人在里面(通用功能执行),然后一些当地的火灾发生并燃烧房间(垃圾收集器:D),然后一个新的房间被建造,现在你可以留下其他玩具在那里(新功能例子),但从来没有得到相同的玩具留在第一间房间例子。

对于一个先进的孩子,我会把这样的东西放在下面,这不是完美的,但它让你感觉到它是什么:

function playingInBrothersRoom (withToys) {
  // We closure toys which we played in the brother's room. When he come back and lock the door
  // your brother is supposed to be into the outer [[scope]] object now. Thanks god you could communicate with him.
  var closureToys = withToys || [],
      returnToy, countIt, toy; // Just another closure helpers, for brother's inner use.

  var brotherGivesToyBack = function (toy) {
    // New request. There is not yet closureToys on brother's hand yet. Give him a time.
    returnToy = null;
    if (toy && closureToys.length > 0) { // If we ask for a specific toy, the brother is going to search for it.

      for ( countIt = closureToys.length; countIt; countIt--) {
        if (closureToys[countIt - 1] == toy) {
          returnToy = 'Take your ' + closureToys.splice(countIt - 1, 1) + ', little boy!';
          break;
        }
      }
      returnToy = returnToy || 'Hey, I could not find any ' + toy + ' here. Look for it in another room.';
    }
    else if (closureToys.length > 0) { // Otherwise, just give back everything he has in the room.
      returnToy = 'Behold! ' + closureToys.join(', ') + '.';
      closureToys = [];
    }
    else {
      returnToy = 'Hey, lil shrimp, I gave you everything!';
    }
    console.log(returnToy);
  }
  return brotherGivesToyBack;
}
// You are playing in the house, including the brother's room.
var toys = ['teddybear', 'car', 'jumpingrope'],
    askBrotherForClosuredToy = playingInBrothersRoom(toys);

// The door is locked, and the brother came from the school. You could not cheat and take it out directly.
console.log(askBrotherForClosuredToy.closureToys); // Undefined

// But you could ask your brother politely, to give it back.
askBrotherForClosuredToy('teddybear'); // Hooray, here it is, teddybear
askBrotherForClosuredToy('ball'); // The brother would not be able to find it.
askBrotherForClosuredToy(); // The brother gives you all the rest
askBrotherForClosuredToy(); // Nothing left in there

正如你可以看到的那样,房间里留下的玩具仍然可以通过兄弟访问,不管房间是否被锁定。

我知道已经有很多解决方案,但我猜这个小而简单的脚本可以有用来证明这个概念:

// makeSequencer will return a "sequencer" function
var makeSequencer = function() {
    var _count = 0; // not accessible outside this function
    var sequencer = function () {
        return _count++;
    }
    return sequencer;
}

var fnext = makeSequencer();
var v0 = fnext();     // v0 = 0;
var v1 = fnext();     // v1 = 1;
var vz = fnext._count // vz = undefined

我相信更短的解释,所以看下面的图像。

此分類上一篇

函数 f1()..> 光红盒

函数 f2()..> 红小盒子

在这里,我们有两个功能,f1()和f2()。f2()是内部到f1()。f1()有一个变量, var x = 10.

在引用函数f1(),f2()可以访问 var x = 10 的值。

这里是代码:

function f1() {
    var x=10;

    function f2() {
        console.log(x)
    }

    return f2

}
f1()

f1 ) 请求:

此分類上一篇

能否向五岁男孩解释关闭?

我仍然认为谷歌的解释工作得很好,简要:

/*
*    When a function is defined in another function and it
*    has access to the outer function's context even after
*    the outer function returns.
*
* An important concept to learn in JavaScript.
*/

function outerFunction(someNum) {
    var someString = 'Hey!';
    var content = document.getElementById('content');
    function innerFunction() {
        content.innerHTML = someNum + ': ' + someString;
        content = null; // Internet Explorer memory leak for DOM reference
    }
    innerFunction();
}

outerFunction(1);​

此分類上一篇

答:C#问题

var foo = function() {
  alert("Hello World!");
};

var bar = function(arg) {
  return arg;
};

bar(foo)();

function add(value1, value2) {
  function doAdd(operand1, operand2) {
    return operand1 + operand2;
  }

  return doAdd(value1, value2);
}

var foo = add(1, 2);
// foo equals 3

function add(value1, value2) {
  function doAdd() {
    return value1 + value2;
  }

  return doAdd();
}

var foo = add(1, 2);
// foo equals 3

创建关闭 一个关闭是当一个内部函数从创建它的函数的外部可访问时创建的,这通常发生在一个外部函数返回一个内部函数时,当这种情况发生时,内部函数保持了一个参考到它创建的环境。

function add(value1) {
  return function doAdd(value2) {
    return value1 + value2;
  };
}

var increment = add(1);
var foo = increment(2);
// foo equals 3

function increment(value2) {
  return 1 + value2;
}

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Closures</title>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <script>
    window.addEventListener("load", function() {
      window.setInterval(showMessage, 1000, "some message<br />");
    });

    function showMessage(message) {
      document.getElementById("message").innerHTML += message;
    }
  </script>
</head>
<body>
  <span id="message"></span>
</body>
</html>

window.addEventListener("load", function() {
  var showMessage = getClosure("some message<br />");

  window.setInterval(showMessage, 1000);
});

function getClosure(message) {
  function showMessage() {
    document.getElementById("message").innerHTML += message;
  }

  return showMessage;
}

模拟私人数据

function Person(name) {
  this._name = name;

  this.getName = function() {
    return this._name;
  };
}

var person = new Person("Colin");

person._name = "Tom";
// person.getName() now returns "Tom"

function Person(name) {
  var _name = name;

  this.getName = function() {
    return _name;
  };
}

var person = new Person("Colin");

person._name = "Tom";
// person._name is "Tom" but person.getName() returns "Colin"

在LOPS

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Closures</title>
  <meta charset="UTF-8" />
  <script>
    window.addEventListener("load", function() {
      for (var i = 1; i < 4; i++) {
        var button = document.getElementById("button" + i);

        button.addEventListener("click", function() {
          alert("Clicked button " + i);
        });
      }
    });
  </script>
</head>
<body>
  <input type="button" id="button1" value="One" />
  <input type="button" id="button2" value="Two" />
  <input type="button" id="button3" value="Three" />
</body>
</html>

要解决这个问题,关闭必须从实际路径变量中分开,这可以通过呼叫一个新的函数来完成,这反过来创造了一个新的参考环境,下面的例子表明如何做到这一点,路径变量转移到 getHandler() 函数, getHandler() 然后返回一个独立于原来的“为”路径的关闭。

function getHandler(i) {
  return function handler() {
    alert("Clicked button " + i);
  };
}
window.addEventListener("load", function() {
  for (var i = 1; i < 4; i++) {
    var button = document.getElementById("button" + i);
    button.addEventListener("click", getHandler(i));
  }
});

function Person(name) {
  var _name = name;

  this.getName = function() {
    return _name;
  };

  this.sayHello = function() {
    alert("Hello!");
  };
}

function Person(name) {
  var _name = name;

  this.getName = function() {
    return _name;
  };
}

Person.prototype.sayHello = function() {
  alert("Hello!");
};

要记住的事情

如果该函数包含类似于呼叫回复函数,则呼叫回复函数仍在范围内;如果呼叫回复函数在母函数的即时环境中提到某些本地变量,那么当然,你会期望该变量无法访问呼叫回复函数并返回未定义。

关闭确保通过召回函数提到的任何属性都可用于该函数的使用,即使其母函数可能已经失效。