我写了一本小图书馆来帮助这个使用案例:

HTTPS://pypi.org/project/citizenshell/

可以使用安装

pip install citizenshell

然后使用如下:

from citizenshell import sh
assert sh("echo Hello World") == "Hello World"

您可以将标准输出与标准错误分开,并以以下方式提取输出代码:

result = sh(">&2 echo error && echo output && exit 13")
assert result.stdout() == ["output"]
assert result.stderr() == ["error"]
assert result.exit_code() == 13

而且很酷的是,在开始处理输出之前,你不需要等待底层的裂缝出发:

for line in sh("for i in 1 2 3 4; do echo -n 'It is '; date +%H:%M:%S; sleep 1; done", wait=False)
    print ">>>", line + "!"

将按行按行按行按行按行按行按行按行按行。

>>> It is 14:24:52!
>>> It is 14:24:53!
>>> It is 14:24:54!
>>> It is 14:24:55!

更多例子可以找到 https://github.com/meuter/citizenshell

从 OpenStack Neutron 中获取网络 ID:

#!/usr/bin/python
import os
netid = "nova net-list | awk '/ External / { print $2 }'"
temp = os.popen(netid).read()  /* Here temp also contains new line (\n) */
networkId = temp.rstrip()
print(networkId)

新网列表

+--------------------------------------+------------+------+
| ID                                   | Label      | CIDR |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------+
| 431c9014-5b5d-4b51-a357-66020ffbb123 | test1      | None |
| 27a74fcd-37c0-4789-9414-9531b7e3f126 | External   | None |
| 5a2712e9-70dc-4b0e-9281-17e02f4684c9 | management | None |
| 7aa697f5-0e60-4c15-b4cc-9cb659698512 | Internal   | None |
+--------------------------------------+------------+------+

印刷输出(networkId)

27a74fcd-37c0-4789-9414-9531b7e3f126

使用:

import os

cmd = 'ls -al'

os.system(cmd)

os - 此模块提供一个可携带的方式来使用操作系统依赖的功能。

对于更多的 OS 功能,这里是文档。

在 Windows 中,您只能输入子过程模块并运行外部命令,以下列方式呼叫 subprocess.Popen(), subprocess.Popen().communicate() 和 subprocess.Popen().wait():

# Python script to run a command line
import subprocess

def execute(cmd):
    """
        Purpose  : To execute a command and return exit status
        Argument : cmd - command to execute
        Return   : exit_code
    """
    process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    (result, error) = process.communicate()

    rc = process.wait()

    if rc != 0:
        print "Error: failed to execute command:", cmd
        print error
    return result
# def

command = "tasklist | grep python"
print "This process detail: \n", execute(command)

出口:

This process detail:
python.exe                     604 RDP-Tcp#0                  4      5,660 K

import os
os.system("your command")

请注意,这是危险的,因为命令没有清理,我将其留给谷歌有关“骨”和“骨”模块的文档,有许多功能(exec*和spawn*)将做类似的事情。

使用Python模块的Popen函数是运行Linux命令的最简单方式,Popen.communicate()函数将为您的命令提供输出。

import subprocess

..
process = subprocess.Popen(..)   # Pass command and arguments to the function
stdout, stderr = process.communicate()   # Get command output and error
..