我正在用Python文本阅读Sweigart的《自动化无聊的东西》。我正在使用IDLE,并且已经安装了Selenium模块和Firefox浏览器。

每当我试图运行webdriver函数,我得到这个:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

例外:

Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0DA1080>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0E08128>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 64, in start
    stdout=self.log_file, stderr=self.log_file)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 947, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 1224, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified

在处理上述异常时,发生了另一个异常:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#11>", line 1, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py", line 135, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 71, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH.

我想我需要为geckodriver设置路径,但我不确定如何,所以我该如何做到这一点?


当前回答

考虑安装一个容器化的Firefox:

docker pull selenium/standalone-firefox
docker run --rm -d -p 5555:4444 --shm-size=2g selenium/standalone-firefox

使用webdriver连接。远程:

driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:5555/wd/hub', DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX)
driver.set_window_size(1280, 1024)
driver.get('https://toolbox.googleapps.com/apps/browserinfo/')
driver.save_screenshot('info.png')

其他回答

对我来说,在相同的环境中安装geckodriver就足够了:

brew install geckodriver

代码并没有改变:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

“geckodriver”可执行文件需要在PATH中。

首先,您需要从这里下载最新的可执行geckodriver,以使用Selenium运行最新的Firefox

实际上,Selenium客户端绑定试图从系统PATH中定位geckodriver可执行文件。您需要将包含可执行文件的目录添加到系统路径中。

On Unix systems you can do the following to append it to your system’s search path, if you’re using a Bash-compatible shell: export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/directory/of/executable/downloaded/in/previous/step On Windows you will need to update the Path system variable to add the full directory path to the executable geckodriver manually or command line** (don't forget to restart your system after adding executable geckodriver into system PATH to take effect)**. The principle is the same as on Unix.

现在你可以像下面这样运行你的代码:-

from selenium import webdriver

browser = webdriver.Firefox()

webdriverexception:消息:预期的浏览器二进制位置,但无法在默认位置找到二进制,没有'moz:firefoxOptions。提供Binary '功能,并且没有在命令行上设置二进制标志

该异常清楚地指出,您已经在其他位置安装了Firefox,而Selenium正试图从默认位置找到Firefox并启动,但它无法找到它。您需要显式提供Firefox安装的二进制位置来启动Firefox,如下所示

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary

binary = FirefoxBinary('path/to/installed firefox binary')
browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)

https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

Windows:

从GitHub下载文件,提取它,并粘贴到Python文件。这对我很管用。

https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

对我来说,我的路径是:

C:\Users\MYUSERNAME\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39

这个步骤在Ubuntu和Firefox 50上为我解决了这个问题。

下载geckodriver 拷贝geckodriver到/usr/local/bin文件夹

不需要添加:

firefox_capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX
firefox_capabilities['marionette'] = True
firefox_capabilities['binary'] = '/usr/bin/firefox'
browser = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=firefox_capabilities)

Windows用户

使用原始代码,因为它是:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("https://www.google.com")

然后从mozilla/geckodriver下载驱动

把它放在一个固定的路径(永久地)…作为一个例子,我把它放在:

C: \ Python35

然后进入系统的环境变量。在“系统变量”网格中寻找Path变量并添加:

; C: Python35喝geckodriver

Geckodriver,不是Geckodriver .exe。

MacBook用户:

步骤1:

打开此链接并复制Homebrew路径,粘贴到终端并安装。

步骤2:

brew install geckodriver

步骤3:

pip install webdriver-manager