我正在用Python文本阅读Sweigart的《自动化无聊的东西》。我正在使用IDLE,并且已经安装了Selenium模块和Firefox浏览器。

每当我试图运行webdriver函数,我得到这个:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

例外:

Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0DA1080>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0E08128>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 64, in start
    stdout=self.log_file, stderr=self.log_file)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 947, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 1224, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified

在处理上述异常时,发生了另一个异常:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#11>", line 1, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py", line 135, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 71, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH.

我想我需要为geckodriver设置路径,但我不确定如何,所以我该如何做到这一点?


当前回答

“geckodriver”可执行文件需要在PATH中。

首先,您需要从这里下载最新的可执行geckodriver,以使用Selenium运行最新的Firefox

实际上,Selenium客户端绑定试图从系统PATH中定位geckodriver可执行文件。您需要将包含可执行文件的目录添加到系统路径中。

On Unix systems you can do the following to append it to your system’s search path, if you’re using a Bash-compatible shell: export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/directory/of/executable/downloaded/in/previous/step On Windows you will need to update the Path system variable to add the full directory path to the executable geckodriver manually or command line** (don't forget to restart your system after adding executable geckodriver into system PATH to take effect)**. The principle is the same as on Unix.

现在你可以像下面这样运行你的代码:-

from selenium import webdriver

browser = webdriver.Firefox()

webdriverexception:消息:预期的浏览器二进制位置,但无法在默认位置找到二进制,没有'moz:firefoxOptions。提供Binary '功能,并且没有在命令行上设置二进制标志

该异常清楚地指出,您已经在其他位置安装了Firefox,而Selenium正试图从默认位置找到Firefox并启动,但它无法找到它。您需要显式提供Firefox安装的二进制位置来启动Firefox,如下所示

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary

binary = FirefoxBinary('path/to/installed firefox binary')
browser = webdriver.Firefox(firefox_binary=binary)

https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

Windows:

从GitHub下载文件,提取它,并粘贴到Python文件。这对我很管用。

https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

对我来说,我的路径是:

C:\Users\MYUSERNAME\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39

其他回答

令人遗憾的是,没有一本关于Selenium/Python的书籍以及通过谷歌发表的关于这个问题的大多数评论都没有清楚地解释在Mac上设置这个的路径逻辑(一切都是Windows!)YouTube上的视频都是在你设置好路径之后(在我看来,这是最便宜的出路!)所以,对于你优秀的Mac用户来说,使用下面的命令来编辑你的Bash路径文件:

touch ~/.bash_profile; open ~/.bash_profile*

然后添加一个类似....的路径

# Setting PATH for geckodriver
PATH=“/usr/bin/geckodriver:${PATH}”
export PATH

# Setting PATH for Selenium Firefox
PATH=“~/Users/yourNamePATH/VEnvPythonInterpreter/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/:${PATH}”
export PATH

# Setting PATH for executable on Firefox driver
PATH=“/Users/yournamePATH/VEnvPythonInterpreter/lib/python2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py:${PATH}”
export PATH*

这对我很管用。

对我来说,在相同的环境中安装geckodriver就足够了:

brew install geckodriver

代码并没有改变:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

Ubuntu 18.04+和最新发布的geckodriver

这应该也适用于其他类unix的变种。

export GV=v0.30.0
wget "https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/download/$GV/geckodriver-$GV-linux64.tar.gz"
tar xvzf geckodriver-$GV-linux64.tar.gz
chmod +x geckodriver
sudo cp geckodriver /usr/local/bin/

Mac更新为:

geckodriver-$GV-macos.tar.gz

确保您有正确版本的驱动程序(geckodriver), x86或64。 确保您正在检查正确的环境。例如,作业在Docker容器中运行,而环境在主机操作系统上检查。

这个步骤在Ubuntu和Firefox 50上为我解决了这个问题。

下载geckodriver 拷贝geckodriver到/usr/local/bin文件夹

不需要添加:

firefox_capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX
firefox_capabilities['marionette'] = True
firefox_capabilities['binary'] = '/usr/bin/firefox'
browser = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=firefox_capabilities)