在INNER join中，它们是可互换的，优化器会随意重新排列它们。

在OUTER连接上，它们不一定是可互换的，这取决于它们所依赖的连接的哪一侧。

我把它们放在任意一个位置，取决于可读性。

这就是我的解。

SELECT song_ID,songs.fullname, singers.fullname
FROM music JOIN songs ON songs.ID = music.song_ID  
JOIN singers ON singers.ID = music.singer_ID
GROUP BY songs.fullname

你必须有GROUP BY才能让它工作。

希望这对你有所帮助。

内连接不重要吗 外部连接的注意事项 a. WHERE从句:加入后。在连接发生后，将过滤记录。 b. ON条款-加入前。记录(来自右表)将在加入之前被过滤。这可能在结果中以null结束(因为OUTER连接)。

示例:考虑以下表格:

文档: id 的名字 1 Document1 2 Document2 3. Document3 4 Document4 5 Document5 下载: id document_id 用户名 1 1 sandeep 2 1 思米 3. 2 sandeep 4 2 •拉赫曼 5 3. 思米

a) WHERE从句内:

   SELECT documents.name, downloads.id
     FROM documents
     LEFT OUTER JOIN downloads
       ON documents.id = downloads.document_id
     WHERE username = 'sandeep'

对于上述查询，中间连接表将如下所示。

在应用WHERE子句并选择列出的属性后，结果将是:

b)在JOIN子句内

   SELECT documents.name, downloads.id
   FROM documents
     LEFT OUTER JOIN downloads
       ON documents.id = downloads.document_id
         AND username = 'sandeep'

对于上述查询，中间连接表将如下所示。

注意文档中不符合这两个条件的行是如何用NULL值填充的。

选择列出的属性后，结果将是:

我的做法是:

Always put the join conditions in the ON clause if you are doing an INNER JOIN. So, do not add any WHERE conditions to the ON clause, put them in the WHERE clause. If you are doing a LEFT JOIN, add any WHERE conditions to the ON clause for the table in the right side of the join. This is a must, because adding a WHERE clause that references the right side of the join will convert the join to an INNER JOIN. The exception is when you are looking for the records that are not in a particular table. You would add the reference to a unique identifier (that is not ever NULL) in the RIGHT JOIN table to the WHERE clause this way: WHERE t2.idfield IS NULL. So, the only time you should reference a table on the right side of the join is to find those records which are not in the table.

当涉及到左连接时，where子句和on子句之间有很大的区别。

这里有一个例子:

mysql> desc t1; 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| fid   | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| v     | varchar(20) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+

fid是表t2的id。

mysql> desc t2;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| v     | varchar(10) | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

查询“on子句”:

mysql> SELECT * FROM `t1` left join t2 on fid = t2.id AND t1.v = 'K' 
    -> ;
+----+-----+---+------+------+
| id | fid | v | id   | v    |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
|  1 |   1 | H | NULL | NULL |
|  2 |   1 | B | NULL | NULL |
|  3 |   2 | H | NULL | NULL |
|  4 |   7 | K | NULL | NULL |
|  5 |   5 | L | NULL | NULL |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

where子句查询:

mysql> SELECT * FROM `t1` left join t2 on fid = t2.id where t1.v = 'K';
+----+-----+---+------+------+
| id | fid | v | id   | v    |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
|  4 |   7 | K | NULL | NULL |
+----+-----+---+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

很明显， 第一个查询从t1返回一条记录，从t2返回与t1相关的行(如果有的话)。v = 'K'。

第二个查询返回来自t1的行，但只针对t1。v = 'K'将有任何与它相关的行。

通常，一旦两个表已经连接，就在WHERE子句中处理筛选。这是有可能的，不过您可能希望在连接它们之前过滤一个或两个表。 也就是说，where子句适用于整个结果集，而on子句只适用于相关的连接。