工作阵列扩展(突变和非突变)

Swift 4.1 / Xcode 9

上面的答案已弃用，所以我自己创建了自己的扩展，在Swift的最新版本Swift 4.1 (Xcode 9)中洗牌数组:

extension Array {

// Non-mutating shuffle
    var shuffled : Array {
        let totalCount : Int = self.count
        var shuffledArray : Array = []
        var count : Int = totalCount
        var tempArray : Array = self
        for _ in 0..<totalCount {
            let randomIndex : Int = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count)))
            let randomElement : Element = tempArray.remove(at: randomIndex)
            shuffledArray.append(randomElement)
            count -= 1
        }
        return shuffledArray
    }

// Mutating shuffle
    mutating func shuffle() {
        let totalCount : Int = self.count
        var shuffledArray : Array = []
        var count : Int = totalCount
        var tempArray : Array = self
        for _ in 0..<totalCount {
            let randomIndex : Int = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count)))
            let randomElement : Element = tempArray.remove(at: randomIndex)
            shuffledArray.append(randomElement)
            count -= 1
        }
        self = shuffledArray
    }
}

---

调用非突变Shuffle [Array] -> [Array]:

let array = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]

print(array.shuffled)

这将以随机顺序打印数组。

---

调用Shuffle [Array] = [Array]:

var array = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]

array.shuffle() 
// The array has now been mutated and contains all of its initial 
// values, but in a randomized shuffled order

print(array) 

这将打印数组的当前顺序，该顺序已经被随机打乱。

---

希望这对每个人都有用，如果你有任何问题，建议或评论，请随时提问!

你也可以使用通用交换函数，实现前面提到的Fisher-Yates:

for idx in 0..<arr.count {
  let rnd = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(idx)))
  if rnd != idx {
    swap(&arr[idx], &arr[rnd])
  }
}

或者更简洁:

for idx in 0..<steps.count {
  swap(&steps[idx], &steps[Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(idx)))])
}

编辑:正如在其他回答中提到的，Swift 4.2最终在标准库中添加了随机数生成，并完成了数组变换。

然而，GameplayKit中的GKRandom / GKRandomDistribution套件仍然可以与新的RandomNumberGenerator协议一起使用-如果您添加扩展到GameplayKit rng以符合新的标准库协议，您可以轻松获得:

可发送的rng(在测试需要时可以复制“随机”序列) 为了速度而牺牲健壮性的rng 产生非均匀分布的rng

.．.并且仍然可以使用Swift中漂亮的新“本地”随机api。

这个答案的其余部分涉及到这些rng和/或它们在旧的Swift编译器中的使用。

---

这里已经有一些很好的答案，以及一些很好的说明为什么如果不小心，编写自己的shuffle可能容易出错。

在iOS 9、macOS 10.11和tvOS 9(或更高版本)中，你不必自己编写。GameplayKit中有一个有效且正确的Fisher-Yates执行方法(游戏邦注:尽管它的名字叫Fisher-Yates，但它并不只是用于游戏)。

如果你只是想要一个独特的洗牌:

let shuffled = GKRandomSource.sharedRandom().arrayByShufflingObjects(in: array)

如果您希望能够复制洗牌或一系列洗牌，请选择并播种一个特定的随机源;如。

let lcg = GKLinearCongruentialRandomSource(seed: mySeedValue)
let shuffled = lcg.arrayByShufflingObjects(in: array)

在iOS 10 / macOS 10.12 / tvOS 10中，也有一个方便的语法，可以通过NSArray的扩展进行变换。当然，当你使用Swift数组时，这有点麻烦(并且它在返回Swift时失去了它的元素类型):

let shuffled1 = (array as NSArray).shuffled(using: random) // -> [Any]
let shuffled2 = (array as NSArray).shuffled() // use default random source

但是为它创建一个保持类型的Swift包装器非常简单:

extension Array {
    func shuffled(using source: GKRandomSource) -> [Element] {
        return (self as NSArray).shuffled(using: source) as! [Element]
    }
    func shuffled() -> [Element] {
        return (self as NSArray).shuffled() as! [Element]
    }
}
let shuffled3 = array.shuffled(using: random)
let shuffled4 = array.shuffled()

这个答案详细介绍了如何在Swift 4.2+中使用快速和统一的算法(Fisher-Yates)进行洗牌，以及如何在之前的各种Swift版本中添加相同的功能。每个Swift版本的命名和行为都与该版本的突变和非突变排序方法相匹配。

Swift 4 + 2。

shuffle和shuffle是原生开始Swift 4.2。使用示例:

let x = [1, 2, 3].shuffled()
// x == [2, 3, 1]

let fiveStrings = stride(from: 0, through: 100, by: 5).map(String.init).shuffled()
// fiveStrings == ["20", "45", "70", "30", ...]

var numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
numbers.shuffle()
// numbers == [3, 2, 1, 4]

Swift 4.0和4.1

这些扩展将一个shuffle()方法添加到任何可变集合(数组和不安全的可变缓冲区)，并将一个shuffled()方法添加到任何序列:

extension MutableCollection {
    /// Shuffles the contents of this collection.
    mutating func shuffle() {
        let c = count
        guard c > 1 else { return }

        for (firstUnshuffled, unshuffledCount) in zip(indices, stride(from: c, to: 1, by: -1)) {
            // Change `Int` in the next line to `IndexDistance` in < Swift 4.1
            let d: Int = numericCast(arc4random_uniform(numericCast(unshuffledCount)))
            let i = index(firstUnshuffled, offsetBy: d)
            swapAt(firstUnshuffled, i)
        }
    }
}

extension Sequence {
    /// Returns an array with the contents of this sequence, shuffled.
    func shuffled() -> [Element] {
        var result = Array(self)
        result.shuffle()
        return result
    }
}

用法与上述Swift 4.2示例相同。

---

斯威夫特3

这些扩展将一个shuffle()方法添加到任何可变集合，并将一个shuffled()方法添加到任何序列:

extension MutableCollection where Indices.Iterator.Element == Index {
    /// Shuffles the contents of this collection.
    mutating func shuffle() {
        let c = count
        guard c > 1 else { return }

        for (firstUnshuffled , unshuffledCount) in zip(indices, stride(from: c, to: 1, by: -1)) {
            // Change `Int` in the next line to `IndexDistance` in < Swift 3.2
            let d: Int = numericCast(arc4random_uniform(numericCast(unshuffledCount)))
            guard d != 0 else { continue }
            let i = index(firstUnshuffled, offsetBy: d)
            self.swapAt(firstUnshuffled, i)
        }
    }
}

extension Sequence {
    /// Returns an array with the contents of this sequence, shuffled.
    func shuffled() -> [Iterator.Element] {
        var result = Array(self)
        result.shuffle()
        return result
    }
}

用法与上述Swift 4.2示例相同。

---

斯威夫特2

(过时的语言:你不能使用Swift 2。x将于2018年7月在iTunes Connect上发布)

extension MutableCollectionType where Index == Int {
    /// Shuffle the elements of `self` in-place.
    mutating func shuffleInPlace() {
        // empty and single-element collections don't shuffle
        if count < 2 { return }

        for i in startIndex ..< endIndex - 1 {
            let j = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count - i))) + i
            guard i != j else { continue }
            swap(&self[i], &self[j])
        }
    }
}

extension CollectionType {
    /// Return a copy of `self` with its elements shuffled.
    func shuffle() -> [Generator.Element] {
        var list = Array(self)
        list.shuffleInPlace()
        return list
    }
}

用法:

[1, 2, 3].shuffle()
// [2, 3, 1]

let fiveStrings = 0.stride(through: 100, by: 5).map(String.init).shuffle()
// ["20", "45", "70", "30", ...]

var numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]
numbers.shuffleInPlace()
// [3, 2, 1, 4]

---

斯威夫特1.2

(过时的语言:你不能使用Swift 1。x将于2018年7月在iTunes Connect上发布)

Shuffle是一种可变数组方法

这个扩展将让你洗牌可变数组实例的地方:

extension Array {
    mutating func shuffle() {
        if count < 2 { return }
        for i in 0..<(count - 1) {
            let j = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count - i))) + i
            swap(&self[i], &self[j])
        }
    }
}
var numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
numbers.shuffle()                     // e.g., numbers == [6, 1, 8, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5]

shuffle是一种非突变数组方法

这个扩展可以让你检索一个数组实例的打乱副本:

extension Array {
    func shuffled() -> [T] {
        if count < 2 { return self }
        var list = self
        for i in 0..<(list.count - 1) {
            let j = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(list.count - i))) + i
            swap(&list[i], &list[j])
        }
        return list
    }
}
let numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
let mixedup = numbers.shuffled()     // e.g., mixedup == [6, 1, 8, 3, 2, 4, 7, 5]

这是最简单的方法。导入Gamplaykit到你的VC中，使用下面的代码。在Xcode 8中测试。

 import GameplayKit

 let array: NSArray = ["Jock", "Ellie", "Sue Ellen", "Bobby", "JR", "Pamela"]

 override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    print(array.shuffled())  
}

如果你想从数组中获得一个打乱的字符串，你可以使用下面的代码..

func suffleString() {

    let ShuffleArray = array.shuffled()

    suffleString.text = ShuffleArray.first as? String

    print(suffleString.text!)

}

这是一些在playground上运行的代码。你不需要在实际的Xcode项目中导入Darwin。

import darwin

var a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]

func shuffle<ItemType>(item1: ItemType, item2: ItemType) -> Bool {
    return drand48() > 0.5
}

sort(a, shuffle)

println(a)