这是运行脚本检查Tensorflow是否工作时收到的消息:
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:125] successfully opened CUDA library libcublas.so.8.0 locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:125] successfully opened CUDA library libcudnn.so.5 locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:125] successfully opened CUDA library libcufft.so.8.0 locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:125] successfully opened CUDA library libcuda.so.1 locally
I tensorflow/stream_executor/dso_loader.cc:125] successfully opened CUDA library libcurand.so.8.0 locally
W tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:95] The TensorFlow library wasn't compiled to use SSE4.2 instructions, but these are available on your machine and could speed up CPU computations.
W tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:95] The TensorFlow library wasn't compiled to use AVX instructions, but these are available on your machine and could speed up CPU computations.
I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_gpu_executor.cc:910] successful NUMA node read from SysFS had negative value (-1), but there must be at least one NUMA node, so returning NUMA node zero
我注意到它提到了SSE4.2和AVX,
什么是SSE4.2和AVX?
这些SSE4.2和AVX如何提高Tensorflow任务的CPU计算。
如何使用这两个库使Tensorflow编译?
多亏了所有这些回复和一些试验和错误,我成功地将它安装在Mac上。所以分享一下我的解,也许对别人有用。
请遵循文档-从源代码安装TensorFlow的说明
当提示
当bazel选项"——config=opt"被指定时,请指定在编译过程中使用的优化标志[默认值是-march=native]
然后复制粘贴这个字符串:
-mavx -mavx2 -mfma -msse4.2
(默认选项会导致错误,其他一些标志也是如此。我没有得到错误与上述标志。顺便说一句,我回答了n个其他问题)
安装后,我验证了在训练深度模型时,相对于基于默认轮子的另一个安装(在macOS上安装TensorFlow),速度提高了~2倍到2.5倍
希望能有所帮助
当从源代码构建TensorFlow时,您将运行configure脚本。configure脚本问的其中一个问题如下:
Please specify optimization flags to use during compilation when bazel option "--config=opt" is specified [Default is -march=native]
configure脚本将您指定的标志附加到构建TensorFlow pip包的bazel命令。一般来说,你可以用以下两种方式之一来回应这个提示:
如果你构建TensorFlow的CPU类型与你将要运行TensorFlow的CPU类型相同,那么你应该接受默认值(-march=native)。这个选项将针对您机器的CPU类型优化生成的代码。
如果你在一种CPU类型上构建TensorFlow,但将在另一种CPU类型上运行TensorFlow,那么可以考虑提供gcc中描述的更具体的优化标志
文档。
在按照前面的项目列表配置TensorFlow之后,您应该能够通过在运行的任何bazel命令中添加——config=opt标志来构建针对目标CPU的完全优化的TensorFlow。
我最近从源代码安装了它,下面是从源代码安装它所需的所有步骤,上面提到的说明是可用的。
其他答案已经描述了为什么会显示这些消息。我的回答给出了如何isinstall的一步一步,这可能会帮助那些像我一样在实际安装上挣扎的人。
安装巴泽尔
从它们的可用版本中下载它,例如0.5.2。
解压它,进入目录并配置它:bash ./compile.sh。
将可执行文件拷贝到/usr/local/bin: sudo cp ./output/bazel /usr/local/bin
安装Tensorflow
克隆tensorflow: git克隆https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow.git
进入克隆目录进行配置:./configure
它会提示你几个问题,以下是我对每个问题的建议回答,当然,你可以根据自己的喜好选择回答:
Using python library path: /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with MKL support? [y/N] y
MKL support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Do you wish to download MKL LIB from the web? [Y/n] Y
Please specify optimization flags to use during compilation when bazel option "--config=opt" is specified [Default is -march=native]:
Do you wish to use jemalloc as the malloc implementation? [Y/n] n
jemalloc disabled
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with Google Cloud Platform support? [y/N] N
No Google Cloud Platform support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with Hadoop File System support? [y/N] N
No Hadoop File System support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with the XLA just-in-time compiler (experimental)? [y/N] N
No XLA JIT support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with VERBS support? [y/N] N
No VERBS support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with OpenCL support? [y/N] N
No OpenCL support will be enabled for TensorFlow
Do you wish to build TensorFlow with CUDA support? [y/N] N
No CUDA support will be enabled for TensorFlow
pip包。为了构建它,你必须描述你想要的指令(你知道,那些Tensorflow通知你的指令是缺失的)。
构建pip脚本:bazel Build -copt——copt=-mavx——copt=-mavx2——copt=-mfma——copt=-mfpmath=both——copt=-msse4.1——copt=-msse4.2 -k //tensorflow/tools/pip_package:build_pip_package
编译pip包:bazzel -bin/tensorflow/tools/pip_package/build_pip_package /tmp/tensorflow_pkg
安装你刚刚构建的Tensorflow pip包:sudo pip Install /tmp/tensorflow_pkg/ Tensorflow -1.2.1-cp27-cp27mu-linux_x86_64.whl
现在你下次启动Tensorflow时,它不会再抱怨缺少指令了。