对于Windows 10，如果使用pip install tk不适合你，请尝试:

下载并运行官方的python安装程序。即使你 已经下载好了，再运行一次。 当(重新)安装python时，确保您选择了“高级”选项，并且 将“tcl/tk and IDLE”复选框设置为true。 如果你已经安装了python，选择“修改”选项，然后 确保选中了复选框。

修复方法的来源: https://stackoverflow.com/a/59970646/2506354

如果你使用Arch Linux(发行版如Manjaro或Antegros)，只需输入:

sudo pacman -S tk

一切都将完美地工作!

在我的例子中，错误消息暗示我正在无头控制台中工作。因此，plt.show()不能工作。有效的方法是调用plt.savefig:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.plot([1, 2, 3], [5, 7, 4])
plt.savefig("mygraph.png")

我在github上找到了答案。

After upgrading lots of packages (Spyder 3 to 4, Keras and Tensorflow and lots of their dependencies), I had the same problem today! I cannot figure out what happened; but the (conda-based) virtual environment that kept using Spyder 3 did not have the problem. Although installing tkinter or changing the backend, via matplotlib.use('TkAgg) as shown above, or this nice post on how to change the backend, might well resolve the problem, I don't see these as rigid solutions. For me, uninstalling matplotlib and reinstalling it was magic and the problem was solved.

pip uninstall matplotlib

．.． 然后,安装

pip install matplotlib

综上所述，这可能是一个包管理问题，顺便说一句，只要可行，我就同时使用conda和pip。

可以在后端使用from agg to Tkinter TKAgg using命令更改matplotlib

matplotlib.use('TKAgg',warn=False, force=True)

@xicocaio的评论应该突出显示。

tkinter is python version-specific in the sense that sudo apt-get install python3-tk will install tkinter exclusively for your default version of python. Suppose you have different python versions within various virtual environments, you will have to install tkinter for the desired python version used in that virtual environment. For example, sudo apt-get install python3.7-tk. Not doing this will still lead to No module named ' tkinter' errors, even after installing it for the global python version.