我收集了一些极端案例和脑筋急转弯，总是想听到更多。这个页面只涵盖了c#语言的一些细节，但我也发现了。net核心的东西也很有趣。例如，这里有一个没有在页面上，但我觉得不可思议:
string x = new string(new char[0]);
string y = new string(new char[0]);
Console.WriteLine(object.ReferenceEquals(x, y));
我希望输出False -毕竟，“new”(具有引用类型)总是创建一个新对象，不是吗?c#和CLI的规范都表明应该这样做。嗯，在这个特殊情况下不是这样。它输出True，并且在我测试过的框架的每个版本上都是这样。(不可否认，我还没有在Mono上尝试过……)
只是为了澄清，这只是我正在寻找的事情的一个例子-我并不是特别寻找对这个奇怪现象的讨论/解释。(这和普通的弦乐实习不一样;特别地，当调用构造函数时，字符串实习通常不会发生。)我真的是在要求类似的奇怪行为。
还有其他的宝藏吗?
当前回答
这一点很简单，但我还是觉得很有趣。调用Foo后x的值是多少?
static int x = 0;
public static void Foo()
{
try { return; }
finally { x = 1; }
}
static void Main() { Foo(); }
其他回答
如果你有扩展方法:
public static bool? ToBoolean(this string s)
{
bool result;
if (bool.TryParse(s, out result))
return result;
else
return null;
}
这段代码:
string nullStr = null;
var res = nullStr.ToBoolean();
这不会抛出异常，因为它是一个扩展方法(实际上是HelperClass.ToBoolean(null))，而不是一个实例方法。这可能会令人困惑。
This one's pretty hard to top. I ran into it while I was trying to build a RealProxy implementation that truly supports Begin/EndInvoke (thanks MS for making this impossible to do without horrible hacks). This example is basically a bug in the CLR, the unmanaged code path for BeginInvoke doesn't validate that the return message from RealProxy.PrivateInvoke (and my Invoke override) is returning an instance of an IAsyncResult. Once it's returned, the CLR gets incredibly confused and loses any idea of whats going on, as demonstrated by the tests at the bottom.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
namespace BrokenProxy
{
class NotAnIAsyncResult
{
public string SomeProperty { get; set; }
}
class BrokenProxy : RealProxy
{
private void HackFlags()
{
var flagsField = typeof(RealProxy).GetField("_flags", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
int val = (int)flagsField.GetValue(this);
val |= 1; // 1 = RemotingProxy, check out System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies.RealProxyFlags
flagsField.SetValue(this, val);
}
public BrokenProxy(Type t)
: base(t)
{
HackFlags();
}
public override IMessage Invoke(IMessage msg)
{
var naiar = new NotAnIAsyncResult();
naiar.SomeProperty = "o noes";
return new ReturnMessage(naiar, null, 0, null, (IMethodCallMessage)msg);
}
}
interface IRandomInterface
{
int DoSomething();
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
BrokenProxy bp = new BrokenProxy(typeof(IRandomInterface));
var instance = (IRandomInterface)bp.GetTransparentProxy();
Func<int> doSomethingDelegate = instance.DoSomething;
IAsyncResult notAnIAsyncResult = doSomethingDelegate.BeginInvoke(null, null);
var interfaces = notAnIAsyncResult.GetType().GetInterfaces();
Console.WriteLine(!interfaces.Any() ? "No interfaces on notAnIAsyncResult" : "Interfaces");
Console.WriteLine(notAnIAsyncResult is IAsyncResult); // Should be false, is it?!
Console.WriteLine(((NotAnIAsyncResult)notAnIAsyncResult).SomeProperty);
Console.WriteLine(((IAsyncResult)notAnIAsyncResult).IsCompleted); // No way this works.
}
}
}
输出:
No interfaces on notAnIAsyncResult
True
o noes
Unhandled Exception: System.EntryPointNotFoundException: Entry point was not found.
at System.IAsyncResult.get_IsCompleted()
at BrokenProxy.Program.Main(String[] args)
c#无障碍谜题
下面的派生类正在从它的基类中访问一个私有字段，编译器会默默地查看另一端:
public class Derived : Base
{
public int BrokenAccess()
{
return base.m_basePrivateField;
}
}
这个领域确实是私有的:
private int m_basePrivateField = 0;
想猜猜我们如何编译这样的代码吗?
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
回答
诀窍是将Derived声明为Base的内部类:
public class Base
{
private int m_basePrivateField = 0;
public class Derived : Base
{
public int BrokenAccess()
{
return base.m_basePrivateField;
}
}
}
内部类可以完全访问外部类成员。在这种情况下，内部类也恰好派生自外部类。这允许我们“打破”私有成员的封装。
以下选项无效:
if (something)
doit();
else
var v = 1 + 2;
但这是可行的:
if (something)
doit();
else {
var v = 1 + 2;
}
下面将打印False而不是抛出溢出异常:
Console.WriteLine("{0}", yep(int.MaxValue ));
private bool yep( int val )
{
return ( 0 < val * 2);
}
