每个TCP连接都需要在数据传输之前进行初始握手。此外，TCP报头包含大量用于不同信号和消息传递检测的开销。对于消息交换，如果失败的可能性很小，UDP可能就足够了。如果必须验证收据，TCP是最好的选择。

Which protocol performs better (in terms of throughput) - UDP or TCP - really depends on the network characteristics and the network traffic. Robert S. Barnes, for example, points out a scenario where TCP performs better (small-sized writes). Now, consider a scenario in which the network is congested and has both TCP and UDP traffic. Senders in the network that are using TCP, will sense the 'congestion' and cut down on their sending rates. However, UDP doesn't have any congestion avoidance or congestion control mechanisms, and senders using UDP would continue to pump in data at the same rate. Gradually, TCP senders would reduce their sending rates to bare minimum and if UDP senders have enough data to be sent over the network, they would hog up the majority of bandwidth available. So, in such a case, UDP senders will have greater throughput, as they get the bigger pie of the network bandwidth. In fact, this is an active research topic - How to improve TCP throughput in presence of UDP traffic. One way, that I know of, using which TCP applications can improve throughput is by opening multiple TCP connections. That way, even though, each TCP connection's throughput might be limited, the sum total of the throughput of all TCP connections may be greater than the throughput for an application using UDP.

UDP比TCP快，原因很简单，因为它不存在允许连续数据包流的确认数据包(ACK)，而不是使用TCP窗口大小和往返时间(RTT)来确认一组数据包的TCP。

要了解更多信息，我推荐简单但非常容易理解的Skullbox解释(TCP vs. UDP)

每个TCP连接都需要在数据传输之前进行初始握手。此外，TCP报头包含大量用于不同信号和消息传递检测的开销。对于消息交换，如果失败的可能性很小，UDP可能就足够了。如果必须验证收据，TCP是最好的选择。

I will just make things clear. TCP/UDP are two cars are that being driven on the road. suppose that traffic signs & obstacles are Errors TCP cares for traffic signs, respects everything around. Slow driving because something may happen to the car. While UDP just drives off, full speed no respect to street signs. Nothing, a mad driver. UDP doesn't have error recovery, If there's an obstacle, it will just collide with it then continue. While TCP makes sure that all packets are sent & received perfectly, No errors , so , the car just passes obstacles without colliding. I hope this is a good example for you to understand, Why UDP is preferred in gaming. Gaming needs speed. TCP is preffered in downloads, or downloaded files may be corrupted.

如果你需要在两个还没有通话的IP之间快速发送消息，那么UDP到达的速度至少要快3倍，通常是5倍。