我知道pydispatcher,但是Python周围一定有其他与事件相关的包。
哪些库是可用的?
我对作为大型框架一部分的事件管理器不感兴趣,我宁愿使用可以轻松扩展的小型骨架解决方案。
我知道pydispatcher,但是Python周围一定有其他与事件相关的包。
哪些库是可用的?
我对作为大型框架一部分的事件管理器不感兴趣,我宁愿使用可以轻松扩展的小型骨架解决方案。
当前回答
我在《宝贵的课程》上找到了这个小脚本。它似乎具有我所追求的简单性/功率比。Peter Thatcher是以下代码的作者(未提及许可)。
class Event:
def __init__(self):
self.handlers = set()
def handle(self, handler):
self.handlers.add(handler)
return self
def unhandle(self, handler):
try:
self.handlers.remove(handler)
except:
raise ValueError("Handler is not handling this event, so cannot unhandle it.")
return self
def fire(self, *args, **kargs):
for handler in self.handlers:
handler(*args, **kargs)
def getHandlerCount(self):
return len(self.handlers)
__iadd__ = handle
__isub__ = unhandle
__call__ = fire
__len__ = getHandlerCount
class MockFileWatcher:
def __init__(self):
self.fileChanged = Event()
def watchFiles(self):
source_path = "foo"
self.fileChanged(source_path)
def log_file_change(source_path):
print "%r changed." % (source_path,)
def log_file_change2(source_path):
print "%r changed!" % (source_path,)
watcher = MockFileWatcher()
watcher.fileChanged += log_file_change2
watcher.fileChanged += log_file_change
watcher.fileChanged -= log_file_change2
watcher.watchFiles()
其他回答
我对Longpoke的极简主义方法做了一个变化,也确保了呼叫者和呼叫者的签名:
class EventHook(object):
'''
A simple implementation of the Observer-Pattern.
The user can specify an event signature upon inizializazion,
defined by kwargs in the form of argumentname=class (e.g. id=int).
The arguments' types are not checked in this implementation though.
Callables with a fitting signature can be added with += or removed with -=.
All listeners can be notified by calling the EventHook class with fitting
arguments.
>>> event = EventHook(id=int, data=dict)
>>> event += lambda id, data: print("%d %s" % (id, data))
>>> event(id=5, data={"foo": "bar"})
5 {'foo': 'bar'}
>>> event = EventHook(id=int)
>>> event += lambda wrong_name: None
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Listener must have these arguments: (id=int)
>>> event = EventHook(id=int)
>>> event += lambda id: None
>>> event(wrong_name=0)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: This EventHook must be called with these arguments: (id=int)
'''
def __init__(self, **signature):
self._signature = signature
self._argnames = set(signature.keys())
self._handlers = []
def _kwargs_str(self):
return ", ".join(k+"="+v.__name__ for k, v in self._signature.items())
def __iadd__(self, handler):
params = inspect.signature(handler).parameters
valid = True
argnames = set(n for n in params.keys())
if argnames != self._argnames:
valid = False
for p in params.values():
if p.kind == p.VAR_KEYWORD:
valid = True
break
if p.kind not in (p.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD, p.KEYWORD_ONLY):
valid = False
break
if not valid:
raise ValueError("Listener must have these arguments: (%s)"
% self._kwargs_str())
self._handlers.append(handler)
return self
def __isub__(self, handler):
self._handlers.remove(handler)
return self
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
if args or set(kwargs.keys()) != self._argnames:
raise ValueError("This EventHook must be called with these " +
"keyword arguments: (%s)" % self._kwargs_str())
for handler in self._handlers[:]:
handler(**kwargs)
def __repr__(self):
return "EventHook(%s)" % self._kwargs_str()
我一直是这样做的:
class Event(list):
"""Event subscription.
A list of callable objects. Calling an instance of this will cause a
call to each item in the list in ascending order by index.
Example Usage:
>>> def f(x):
... print 'f(%s)' % x
>>> def g(x):
... print 'g(%s)' % x
>>> e = Event()
>>> e()
>>> e.append(f)
>>> e(123)
f(123)
>>> e.remove(f)
>>> e()
>>> e += (f, g)
>>> e(10)
f(10)
g(10)
>>> del e[0]
>>> e(2)
g(2)
"""
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
for f in self:
f(*args, **kwargs)
def __repr__(self):
return "Event(%s)" % list.__repr__(self)
然而,就像我看到的其他东西一样,没有自动生成的pydoc,也没有签名,这真的很糟糕。
我在《宝贵的课程》上找到了这个小脚本。它似乎具有我所追求的简单性/功率比。Peter Thatcher是以下代码的作者(未提及许可)。
class Event:
def __init__(self):
self.handlers = set()
def handle(self, handler):
self.handlers.add(handler)
return self
def unhandle(self, handler):
try:
self.handlers.remove(handler)
except:
raise ValueError("Handler is not handling this event, so cannot unhandle it.")
return self
def fire(self, *args, **kargs):
for handler in self.handlers:
handler(*args, **kargs)
def getHandlerCount(self):
return len(self.handlers)
__iadd__ = handle
__isub__ = unhandle
__call__ = fire
__len__ = getHandlerCount
class MockFileWatcher:
def __init__(self):
self.fileChanged = Event()
def watchFiles(self):
source_path = "foo"
self.fileChanged(source_path)
def log_file_change(source_path):
print "%r changed." % (source_path,)
def log_file_change2(source_path):
print "%r changed!" % (source_path,)
watcher = MockFileWatcher()
watcher.fileChanged += log_file_change2
watcher.fileChanged += log_file_change
watcher.fileChanged -= log_file_change2
watcher.watchFiles()
我们使用Michael ford在他的事件模式中建议的EventHook:
只需添加EventHooks到你的类:
class MyBroadcaster()
def __init__():
self.onChange = EventHook()
theBroadcaster = MyBroadcaster()
# add a listener to the event
theBroadcaster.onChange += myFunction
# remove listener from the event
theBroadcaster.onChange -= myFunction
# fire event
theBroadcaster.onChange.fire()
我们添加了从对象中移除所有侦听器到Michaels类的功能,最终得到了这样的结果:
class EventHook(object):
def __init__(self):
self.__handlers = []
def __iadd__(self, handler):
self.__handlers.append(handler)
return self
def __isub__(self, handler):
self.__handlers.remove(handler)
return self
def fire(self, *args, **keywargs):
for handler in self.__handlers:
handler(*args, **keywargs)
def clearObjectHandlers(self, inObject):
for theHandler in self.__handlers:
if theHandler.im_self == inObject:
self -= theHandler
下面是另一个需要考虑的模块。对于要求更高的应用程序,这似乎是一个可行的选择。
Py-notify is a Python package providing tools for implementing Observer programming pattern. These tools include signals, conditions and variables. Signals are lists of handlers that are called when signal is emitted. Conditions are basically boolean variables coupled with a signal that is emitted when condition state changes. They can be combined using standard logical operators (not, and, etc.) into compound conditions. Variables, unlike conditions, can hold any Python object, not just booleans, but they cannot be combined.