如果你需要一个跨进程或网络边界的事件总线，你可以尝试PyMQ。它目前支持发布/订阅、消息队列和同步RPC。默认版本工作在一个Redis后端，所以你需要一个运行的Redis服务器。还有一个用于测试的内存后端。您还可以编写自己的后端。

import pymq

# common code
class MyEvent:
    pass

# subscribe code
@pymq.subscriber
def on_event(event: MyEvent):
    print('event received')

# publisher code
pymq.publish(MyEvent())

# you can also customize channels
pymq.subscribe(on_event, channel='my_channel')
pymq.publish(MyEvent(), channel='my_channel')

初始化系统。

from pymq.provider.redis import RedisConfig

# starts a new thread with a Redis event loop
pymq.init(RedisConfig())

# main application control loop

pymq.shutdown()

声明:我是这个库的作者

我一直是这样做的:

class Event(list):
    """Event subscription.

    A list of callable objects. Calling an instance of this will cause a
    call to each item in the list in ascending order by index.

    Example Usage:
    >>> def f(x):
    ...     print 'f(%s)' % x
    >>> def g(x):
    ...     print 'g(%s)' % x
    >>> e = Event()
    >>> e()
    >>> e.append(f)
    >>> e(123)
    f(123)
    >>> e.remove(f)
    >>> e()
    >>> e += (f, g)
    >>> e(10)
    f(10)
    g(10)
    >>> del e[0]
    >>> e(2)
    g(2)

    """
    def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        for f in self:
            f(*args, **kwargs)

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Event(%s)" % list.__repr__(self)

然而，就像我看到的其他东西一样，没有自动生成的pydoc，也没有签名，这真的很糟糕。

我在《宝贵的课程》上找到了这个小脚本。它似乎具有我所追求的简单性/功率比。Peter Thatcher是以下代码的作者(未提及许可)。

class Event:
    def __init__(self):
        self.handlers = set()

    def handle(self, handler):
        self.handlers.add(handler)
        return self

    def unhandle(self, handler):
        try:
            self.handlers.remove(handler)
        except:
            raise ValueError("Handler is not handling this event, so cannot unhandle it.")
        return self

    def fire(self, *args, **kargs):
        for handler in self.handlers:
            handler(*args, **kargs)

    def getHandlerCount(self):
        return len(self.handlers)

    __iadd__ = handle
    __isub__ = unhandle
    __call__ = fire
    __len__  = getHandlerCount

class MockFileWatcher:
    def __init__(self):
        self.fileChanged = Event()

    def watchFiles(self):
        source_path = "foo"
        self.fileChanged(source_path)

def log_file_change(source_path):
    print "%r changed." % (source_path,)

def log_file_change2(source_path):
    print "%r changed!" % (source_path,)

watcher              = MockFileWatcher()
watcher.fileChanged += log_file_change2
watcher.fileChanged += log_file_change
watcher.fileChanged -= log_file_change2
watcher.watchFiles()

前段时间我写了一个库，可能对你有用。 它允许您拥有本地和全局侦听器、多种不同的注册方式、执行优先级等等。

from pyeventdispatcher import register

register("foo.bar", lambda event: print("second"))
register("foo.bar", lambda event: print("first "), -100)

dispatch(Event("foo.bar", {"id": 1}))
# first second

看看调度员

我创建了一个EventManager类(代码在最后)。语法如下:

#Create an event with no listeners assigned to it
EventManager.addEvent( eventName = [] )

#Create an event with listeners assigned to it
EventManager.addEvent( eventName = [fun1, fun2,...] )

#Create any number event with listeners assigned to them
EventManager.addEvent( eventName1 = [e1fun1, e1fun2,...], eventName2 = [e2fun1, e2fun2,...], ... )

#Add or remove listener to an existing event
EventManager.eventName += extra_fun
EventManager.eventName -= removed_fun

#Delete an event
del EventManager.eventName

#Fire the event
EventManager.eventName()

下面是一个例子:

def hello(name):
    print "Hello {}".format(name)
    
def greetings(name):
    print "Greetings {}".format(name)

EventManager.addEvent( salute = [greetings] )
EventManager.salute += hello

print "\nInitial salute"
EventManager.salute('Oscar')

print "\nNow remove greetings"
EventManager.salute -= greetings
EventManager.salute('Oscar')

输出:

最初的敬礼 问候奥斯卡 你好奥斯卡 现在删除问候语 你好奥斯卡

事件经理代码：

class EventManager:
    
    class Event:
        def __init__(self,functions):
            if type(functions) is not list:
                raise ValueError("functions parameter has to be a list")
            self.functions = functions
            
        def __iadd__(self,func):
            self.functions.append(func)
            return self
            
        def __isub__(self,func):
            self.functions.remove(func)
            return self
            
        def __call__(self,*args,**kvargs):
            for func in self.functions : func(*args,**kvargs)
            
    @classmethod
    def addEvent(cls,**kvargs):
        """
        addEvent( event1 = [f1,f2,...], event2 = [g1,g2,...], ... )
        creates events using **kvargs to create any number of events. Each event recieves a list of functions,
        where every function in the list recieves the same parameters.
        
        Example:
        
        def hello(): print "Hello ",
        def world(): print "World"
        
        EventManager.addEvent( salute = [hello] )
        EventManager.salute += world
        
        EventManager.salute()
        
        Output:
        Hello World
        """
        for key in kvargs.keys():
            if type(kvargs[key]) is not list:
                raise ValueError("value has to be a list")
            else:
                kvargs[key] = cls.Event(kvargs[key])
        
        cls.__dict__.update(kvargs)

如果你想做更复杂的事情，比如合并事件或重试，你可以使用Observable模式和一个成熟的库来实现它。https://github.com/ReactiveX/RxPY。可观察对象在Javascript和Java中非常常见，在一些异步任务中使用非常方便。

from rx import Observable, Observer


def push_five_strings(observer):
        observer.on_next("Alpha")
        observer.on_next("Beta")
        observer.on_next("Gamma")
        observer.on_next("Delta")
        observer.on_next("Epsilon")
        observer.on_completed()


class PrintObserver(Observer):

    def on_next(self, value):
        print("Received {0}".format(value))

    def on_completed(self):
        print("Done!")

    def on_error(self, error):
        print("Error Occurred: {0}".format(error))

source = Observable.create(push_five_strings)

source.subscribe(PrintObserver())

输出:

Received Alpha
Received Beta
Received Gamma
Received Delta
Received Epsilon
Done!