我们所有使用关系数据库的人都知道(或正在学习)SQL是不同的。获得期望的结果,并有效地这样做,涉及到一个乏味的过程,其部分特征是学习不熟悉的范例,并发现一些我们最熟悉的编程模式在这里不起作用。常见的反模式是什么?
当前回答
Human readable password fields, egad. Self explanatory. Using LIKE against indexed columns, and I'm almost tempted to just say LIKE in general. Recycling SQL-generated PK values. Surprise nobody mentioned the god-table yet. Nothing says "organic" like 100 columns of bit flags, large strings and integers. Then there's the "I miss .ini files" pattern: storing CSVs, pipe delimited strings or other parse required data in large text fields. And for MS SQL server the use of cursors at all. There's a better way to do any given cursor task.
编辑是因为有太多了!
其他回答
没有使用With子句或适当的连接并依赖子查询。
反模式:
select
...
from data
where RECORD.STATE IN (
SELECT STATEID
FROM STATE
WHERE NAME IN
('Published to test',
'Approved for public',
'Published to public',
'Archived'
))
好: 我喜欢使用with子句使我的意图更易于阅读。
with valid_states as (
SELECT STATEID
FROM STATE
WHERE NAME IN
('Published to test',
'Approved for public',
'Published to public',
'Archived'
)
select ... from data, valid_states
where data.state = valid_states.state
最好的:
select
...
from data join states using (state)
where
states.state in ('Published to test',
'Approved for public',
'Published to public',
'Archived'
)
临时表滥用。
特别是这类事情:
SELECT personid, firstname, lastname, age
INTO #tmpPeople
FROM People
WHERE lastname like 's%'
DELETE FROM #tmpPeople
WHERE firstname = 'John'
DELETE FROM #tmpPeople
WHERE firstname = 'Jon'
DELETE FROM #tmpPeople
WHERE age > 35
UPDATE People
SET firstname = 'Fred'
WHERE personid IN (SELECT personid from #tmpPeople)
不要从查询中构建临时表,只是为了删除不需要的行。
是的,我在生产db中看到过这种形式的代码页。
SELECT FirstName + ' ' + LastName as "Full Name", case UserRole when 2 then "Admin" when 1 then "Moderator" else "User" end as "User's Role", case SignedIn when 0 then "Logged in" else "Logged out" end as "User signed in?", Convert(varchar(100), LastSignOn, 101) as "Last Sign On", DateDiff('d', LastSignOn, getDate()) as "Days since last sign on", AddrLine1 + ' ' + AddrLine2 + ' ' + AddrLine3 + ' ' + City + ', ' + State + ' ' + Zip as "Address", 'XXX-XX-' + Substring(Convert(varchar(9), SSN), 6, 4) as "Social Security #" FROM Users
或者,把所有内容都塞进一行。
像这样将冗余表连接到查询中:
select emp.empno, dept.deptno
from emp
join dept on dept.deptno = emp.deptno;
同一查询中的相同子查询。
推荐文章
- 在SQL Server 2008 R2中重命名数据库时出错
- 将数据复制到另一个表中
- 如何在SQL中选择表的最后一条记录?
- SQL在Oracle中连接多行列值的查询
- 在单个查询中计算空值和非空值
- 在存储过程中使用“SET XACT_ABORT ON”有什么好处?
- SQL to LINQ工具
- 如何从一个查询插入多行使用雄辩/流利
- 如何连接列在Postgres选择?
- 有人可以对SQL查询进行版权保护吗?
- 如何知道MySQL表最近一次更新?
- 如何转储一些SQLite3表的数据?
- 如何创建一个SQL Server函数“连接”多行从一个子查询到一个单独的分隔字段?
- 在MySQL中的一个查询中更新多个具有不同值的行
- 在SQL中更新多个列