我们可以使用数组ref来记住ref列表:

import { RefObject, useRef } from 'react';

type RefObjects<T> = RefObject<T>[];

function convertLengthToRefs<T>(
  length: number,
  initialValue: T | null,
): RefObjects<T> {
  return Array.from(new Array(length)).map<RefObject<T>>(() => ({
    current: initialValue,
  }));
}

export function useRefs<T>(length: number, initialValue: T | null = null) {
  const refs = useRef<RefObjects<T>>(convertLengthToRefs(length, initialValue));

  return refs.current;
}

这是一个演示:

const dataList = [1, 2, 3, 4];

const Component: React.FC = () => {
  const refs = useRefs<HTMLLIElement>(dataList.length, null);

  useEffect(() => {
    refs.forEach((item) => {
      console.log(item.current?.getBoundingClientRect());
    });
  }, []);

  return (
    <ul>
      {dataList.map((item, index) => (
        <li key={item} ref={refs[index]}>
          {item}
        </li>
      ))}
    </ul>
  );
};

import React, { useRef } from "react";

export default function App() {
  const arr = [1, 2, 3];

  const refs = useRef([]);

  return (
    <div className="App">
      {arr.map((item, index) => {
        return (
          <div
            key={index}
            ref={(element) => {
              refs.current[index] = element;
            }}
          >
            {item}
          </div>
        );
      })}
    </div>
  );
}

学分:https://eliaslog.pw/how-to-add-multiple-refs-to-one-useref-hook/

ref最初只是一个{current: null}对象。useRef在组件渲染之间保持对该对象的引用。当前值主要用于组件引用，但可以保存任何内容。

在某些时候应该有一个refs数组。如果数组的长度可能在不同的渲染之间变化，数组应该相应地缩放:

const arrLength = arr.length;
const [elRefs, setElRefs] = React.useState([]);

React.useEffect(() => {
  // add or remove refs
  setElRefs((elRefs) =>
    Array(arrLength)
      .fill()
      .map((_, i) => elRefs[i] || createRef()),
  );
}, [arrLength]);

return (
  <div>
    {arr.map((el, i) => (
      <div ref={elRefs[i]} style={...}>
        ...
      </div>
    ))}
  </div>
);

这段代码可以通过展开useEffect并将useState替换为useRef来优化，但应该注意的是，在呈现函数中执行副作用通常被认为是一种糟糕的做法:

const arrLength = arr.length;
const elRefs = React.useRef([]);

if (elRefs.current.length !== arrLength) {
  // add or remove refs
  elRefs.current = Array(arrLength)
    .fill()
    .map((_, i) => elRefs.current[i] || createRef());
}

return (
  <div>
    {arr.map((el, i) => (
      <div ref={elRefs.current[i]} style={...}>
        ...
      </div>
    ))}
  </div>
);

您可以使用父元素来获得一堆子元素。

在我的情况下，我试图得到一串输入在我的表单元素，然后我得到的形式元素，并使用它来处理所有的输入。

就像这样:

function Foo() {
    const fields = useRef<HTMLFormElement>(null);

    function handlePopUp(e) {
      e.preventDefault();
    
      Array.from(fields.current)
        .forEach((input: HTMLInputElement | HTMLTextAreaElement) => {
          input.value = '';
        });
    }

    return (
    <form onSubmit={(e) => handlePopUp(e)} ref={fields}>

      <input
        placeholder="Nome"
        required
        id="name"
        type="text"
        name="name"
      />
      <input
        placeholder="E-mail"
        required
        id="email"
        type="email"
        name="email"
      />
      <input
        placeholder="Assunto"
        required
        id="subject"
        type="text"
        name="subject"
      />
      <textarea
        cols={120}
        placeholder="Descrição"
        required
        id="description"
        name="description"
      />

      <button type="submit" disabled={state.submitting}>enviar</button>
    </form>  
    );
}

import { createRef } from "react";

const MyComponent = () => {
  const arrayOfElements = Array.from({ length: 10 }).map((_, idx) => idx + 1);
  const refs = arrayOfElements.map(() => createRef(null));

  const onCLick = (index) => {
    ref[index]?.current?.click();
  };

  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Defaults Elements</h1>
      {arrayOfElements.map((element, index) => (
        <div key={index} ref={refs[index]}>
          Default Elemnt {element}
        </div>
      ))}

      <h2>Elements Handlers</h2>
      {arrayOfElements.map((_, index) => (
        <button key={index} onClick={() => onCLick(index)}>
          Element {index + 1} Handler
        </button>
      ))}
    </div>
  );
};

通过将子元素移动到单独的组件中，可以避免数组引用与useEffect结合带来的复杂性。这还有其他优点，主要是可读性强，易于维护。

const { useRef, useState, useEffect } = React;

const ListComponent = ({ el }) => {
  const elRef = useRef();
  const [elWidth, setElWidth] = useState();

  useEffect(() => {
    setElWidth(elRef.current.offsetWidth);
  }, []);

  return (
    <div ref={elRef} style={{ width: `${el * 100}px` }}>
      Width is: {elWidth}
    </div>
  );
};

const App = () => {

  return (
    <div>
      {[1, 2, 3].map((el, i) => (
        <ListComponent key={i} el={el} />
      ))}
    </div>
  );
};

ReactDOM.render(<App />, document.getElementById('root'));