考虑到这个确切的问题，将我们置于一个“特殊”坐标系中，其中正轴意味着向下移动(如屏幕或界面视图)，你需要调整这个函数，并负Y坐标:

Swift 2.0中的示例

func angle_between_two_points(pa:CGPoint,pb:CGPoint)->Double{
    let deltaY:Double = (Double(-pb.y) - Double(-pa.y))
    let deltaX:Double = (Double(pb.x) - Double(pa.x))
    var a = atan2(deltaY,deltaX)
    while a < 0.0 {
        a = a + M_PI*2
    }
    return a
}

这个函数给出了问题的正确答案。答案是以弧度为单位，所以用角度来表示角度的用法是:

let p1 = CGPoint(x: 1.5, y: 2) //estimated coords of p1 in question
let p2 = CGPoint(x: 2, y : 3) //estimated coords of p2 in question

print(angle_between_two_points(p1, pb: p2) / (M_PI/180))
//returns 296.56

matlab函数:

function [lineAngle] = getLineAngle(x1, y1, x2, y2) 
    deltaY = y2 - y1;
    deltaX = x2 - x1;

    lineAngle = rad2deg(atan2(deltaY, deltaX));

    if deltaY < 0
        lineAngle = lineAngle + 360;
    end
end

首先找到起点和终点之间的差值(这里，这更像是一个有向线段，而不是一条“直线”，因为直线无限延伸，而不是从某个特定的点开始)。

deltaY = P2_y - P1_y
deltaX = P2_x - P1_x

然后计算角度(从P1处的正X轴到P1处的正Y轴)。

angleInDegrees = arctan(deltaY / deltaX) * 180 / PI

但arctan可能并不理想，因为这样划分差异将消除区分角度在哪个象限所需的区别(见下文)。如果你的语言包含atan2函数，请使用以下代码:

angleInDegrees = atan2(deltaY, deltaX) * 180 / PI

编辑(2017年2月22日):然而，一般来说，调用atan2(delay,deltaX)只是为了获得cos和sin的适当角度可能是不优雅的。在这些情况下，你通常可以做以下事情:

Treat (deltaX, deltaY) as a vector. Normalize that vector to a unit vector. To do so, divide deltaX and deltaY by the vector's length (sqrt(deltaX*deltaX+deltaY*deltaY)), unless the length is 0. After that, deltaX will now be the cosine of the angle between the vector and the horizontal axis (in the direction from the positive X to the positive Y axis at P1). And deltaY will now be the sine of that angle. If the vector's length is 0, it won't have an angle between it and the horizontal axis (so it won't have a meaningful sine and cosine).

编辑(2017年2月28日):即使没有归一化(deltaX, delta):

The sign of deltaX will tell you whether the cosine described in step 3 is positive or negative. The sign of deltaY will tell you whether the sine described in step 4 is positive or negative. The signs of deltaX and deltaY will tell you which quadrant the angle is in, in relation to the positive X axis at P1: +deltaX, +deltaY: 0 to 90 degrees. -deltaX, +deltaY: 90 to 180 degrees. -deltaX, -deltaY: 180 to 270 degrees (-180 to -90 degrees). +deltaX, -deltaY: 270 to 360 degrees (-90 to 0 degrees).

Python中使用弧度的实现(由Eric Leschinski于2015年7月19日提供，他编辑了我的回答):

from math import *
def angle_trunc(a):
    while a < 0.0:
        a += pi * 2
    return a

def getAngleBetweenPoints(x_orig, y_orig, x_landmark, y_landmark):
    deltaY = y_landmark - y_orig
    deltaX = x_landmark - x_orig
    return angle_trunc(atan2(deltaY, deltaX))

angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(5, 2, 1,4)
assert angle >= 0, "angle must be >= 0"
angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(1, 1, 2, 1)
assert angle == 0, "expecting angle to be 0"
angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(2, 1, 1, 1)
assert abs(pi - angle) <= 0.01, "expecting angle to be pi, it is: " + str(angle)
angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(2, 1, 2, 3)
assert abs(angle - pi/2) <= 0.01, "expecting angle to be pi/2, it is: " + str(angle)
angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(2, 1, 2, 0)
assert abs(angle - (pi+pi/2)) <= 0.01, "expecting angle to be pi+pi/2, it is: " + str(angle)
angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(1, 1, 2, 2)
assert abs(angle - (pi/4)) <= 0.01, "expecting angle to be pi/4, it is: " + str(angle)
angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(-1, -1, -2, -2)
assert abs(angle - (pi+pi/4)) <= 0.01, "expecting angle to be pi+pi/4, it is: " + str(angle)
angle = getAngleBetweenPoints(-1, -1, -1, 2)
assert abs(angle - (pi/2)) <= 0.01, "expecting angle to be pi/2, it is: " + str(angle)

所有测试都通过。参见https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_circle

抱歉，但我很确定彼得的答案是错的。注意y轴是向下的(在图形中很常见)。因此，延迟计算必须反转，否则就会得到错误的答案。

考虑:

System.out.println (Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(1,1)));
System.out.println (Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(-1,1)));
System.out.println (Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(1,-1)));
System.out.println (Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(-1,-1)));

给了

45.0
-45.0
135.0
-135.0

因此，如果在上面的例子中，P1是(1,1)，P2是(2,2)[因为Y在页面上向下增加]，上面的代码将给出所示示例的45.0度，这是错误的。改变延迟计算的顺序，它就能正常工作。

deltaY = Math.Abs(P2.y - P1.y);
deltaX = Math.Abs(P2.x - P1.x);

angleInDegrees = Math.atan2(deltaY, deltaX) * 180 / PI

if(p2.y > p1.y) // Second point is lower than first, angle goes down (180-360)
{
  if(p2.x < p1.x)//Second point is to the left of first (180-270)
    angleInDegrees += 180;
  else //(270-360)
    angleInDegrees += 270;
}
else if (p2.x < p1.x) //Second point is top left of first (90-180)
  angleInDegrees += 90;

import math
from collections import namedtuple


Point = namedtuple("Point", ["x", "y"])


def get_angle(p1: Point, p2: Point) -> float:
    """Get the angle of this line with the horizontal axis."""
    dx = p2.x - p1.x
    dy = p2.y - p1.y
    theta = math.atan2(dy, dx)
    angle = math.degrees(theta)  # angle is in (-180, 180]
    if angle < 0:
        angle = 360 + angle
    return angle

测试

为了测试，我让假设生成测试用例。

import hypothesis.strategies as s
from hypothesis import given


@given(s.floats(min_value=0.0, max_value=360.0))
def test_angle(angle: float):
    epsilon = 0.0001
    x = math.cos(math.radians(angle))
    y = math.sin(math.radians(angle))
    p1 = Point(0, 0)
    p2 = Point(x, y)
    assert abs(get_angle(p1, p2) - angle) < epsilon