这个解决方案可以只替换整个单词——例如，当搜索“猫”时，“catch”、“ducat”或“locator”将找不到。这可以通过对正则表达式中每个单词前后的单词字符使用负向后查找(?<!\w)和负向前查找(?!\w)来实现:

(?<!\w)(cathy|cat|ducat|locator|catch)(?!\w)

JSFiddle demo： http://jsfiddle.net/mfkv9r8g/1/

    var str = "I have a cat, a dog, and a goat.";

    str = str.replace(/goat/i, "cat");
    // now str = "I have a cat, a dog, and a cat."

    str = str.replace(/dog/i, "goat");
    // now str = "I have a cat, a goat, and a cat."

    str = str.replace(/cat/i, "dog");
    // now str = "I have a dog, a goat, and a cat."

具体的解决方案

您可以使用一个函数来替换每一个。

var str = "I have a cat, a dog, and a goat.";
var mapObj = {
   cat:"dog",
   dog:"goat",
   goat:"cat"
};
str = str.replace(/cat|dog|goat/gi, function(matched){
  return mapObj[matched];
});

jsfiddle例子

概括它

如果您想动态地维护正则表达式，并且只是将未来的交换添加到映射中，您可以这样做

new RegExp(Object.keys(mapObj).join("|"),"gi"); 

生成正则表达式。就像这样

var mapObj = {cat:"dog",dog:"goat",goat:"cat"};

var re = new RegExp(Object.keys(mapObj).join("|"),"gi");
str = str.replace(re, function(matched){
  return mapObj[matched];
});

要添加或更改任何替换，您只需编辑地图。

摆弄动态正则表达式

可重复使用

如果你想让它成为一般形式你可以把它变成这样一个函数

function replaceAll(str,mapObj){
    var re = new RegExp(Object.keys(mapObj).join("|"),"gi");

    return str.replace(re, function(matched){
        return mapObj[matched.toLowerCase()];
    });
}

然后你可以把str和你想要的替换的映射传递给函数它会返回转换后的字符串。

摆弄函数

确保对象。key适用于旧的浏览器，添加一个填充，例如从MDN或Es5。

一种可能的解决方案是使用mapper表达式函数。

const regex = /(?:cat|dog|goat)/gmi;
const str = `I have a cat, a dog, and a goat.`;

let mapper = (key) => {
  switch (key) {
    case "cat":
      return "dog"
    case "dog":
      return "goat";
    case "goat":
      return "cat"
  }
}
let result = str.replace(regex, mapper);

console.log('Substitution result: ', result);
//Substitution result1:  I have a dog, a goat, and a cat.

我写了这个npm包stringinject https://www.npmjs.com/package/stringinject，它允许你做以下事情

var string = stringInject("this is a {0} string for {1}", ["test", "stringInject"]);

这将替换{0}和{1}与数组项，并返回以下字符串

"this is a test string for stringInject"

或者你可以像这样用对象键和值替换占位符:

var str = stringInject("My username is {username} on {platform}", { username: "tjcafferkey", platform: "GitHub" });

"My username is tjcafferkey on Github" 

使用我的replace-once包，您可以执行以下操作:

const replaceOnce = require('replace-once')

var str = 'I have a cat, a dog, and a goat.'
var find = ['cat', 'dog', 'goat']
var replace = ['dog', 'goat', 'cat']
replaceOnce(str, find, replace, 'gi')
//=> 'I have a dog, a goat, and a cat.'