我试图使用python模拟包来模拟python请求模块。让我在下面的场景中工作的基本调用是什么?
在views.py中，我有一个函数，它每次都以不同的响应进行各种request .get()调用
def myview(request):
res1 = requests.get('aurl')
res2 = request.get('burl')
res3 = request.get('curl')
在我的测试类中，我想做类似的事情，但不能确定确切的方法调用
步骤1:
# Mock the requests module
# when mockedRequests.get('aurl') is called then return 'a response'
# when mockedRequests.get('burl') is called then return 'b response'
# when mockedRequests.get('curl') is called then return 'c response'
步骤2:
调用我的视图
步骤3:
验证响应包含'a response'， 'b response'， 'c response'
我如何完成第1步(模拟请求模块)?
目前最简单的方法:
from unittest import TestCase
from unittest.mock import Mock, patch
from .utils import method_foo
class TestFoo(TestCase):
@patch.object(utils_requests, "post") # change to desired method here
def test_foo(self, mock_requests_post):
# EXPLANATION: mocked 'post' method above will return some built-in mock,
# and its method 'json' will return mock 'mock_data',
# which got argument 'return_value' with our data to be returned
mock_data = Mock(return_value=[{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}])
mock_requests_post.return_value.json = mock_data
method_foo()
# TODO: asserts here
"""
Example of method that you can test in utils.py
"""
def method_foo():
response = requests.post("http://example.com")
records = response.json()
for record in records:
print(record.get("id"))
# do other stuff here
下面是一个带有请求响应类的解决方案。恕我直言，它更干净。
import json
from unittest.mock import patch
from requests.models import Response
def mocked_requests_get(*args, **kwargs):
response_content = None
request_url = kwargs.get('url', None)
if request_url == 'aurl':
response_content = json.dumps('a response')
elif request_url == 'burl':
response_content = json.dumps('b response')
elif request_url == 'curl':
response_content = json.dumps('c response')
response = Response()
response.status_code = 200
response._content = str.encode(response_content)
return response
@mock.patch('requests.get', side_effect=mocked_requests_get)
def test_fetch(self, mock_get):
response = requests.get(url='aurl')
assert ...
我将演示如何通过将真正的请求与返回相同数据的假请求交换来将编程逻辑与实际的外部库分离。在你看来，如果外部api调用，那么这个过程是最好的
import pytest
from unittest.mock import patch
from django.test import RequestFactory
@patch("path(projectname.appname.filename).requests.post")
def test_mock_response(self, mock_get, rf: RequestFactory):
mock_get.return_value.ok = Mock(ok=True)
mock_get.return_value.status_code = 400
mock_get.return_value.json.return_value = {you can define here dummy response}
request = rf.post("test/", data=self.payload)
response = view_name_view(request)
expected_response = {
"success": False,
"status": "unsuccessful",
}
assert response.data == expected_response
assert response.status_code == 400
