我试图写一个应用程序,做一些具体的时候,它被带回前台后一段时间。是否有一种方法可以检测应用程序是被发送到后台还是被带到前台?
当前回答
onPause()和onResume()方法在应用程序被带到后台并再次进入前台时被调用。但是,在应用程序第一次启动时和关闭之前也会调用它们。你可以在活动中阅读更多。
没有任何直接的方法来获得应用程序的状态,而在后台或前台,但即使我已经面临这个问题,并找到解决方案与onWindowFocusChanged和onStop。
更多细节请查看这里Android:解决方案检测当一个Android应用程序去后台,回到前台没有getRunningTasks或getRunningAppProcesses。
其他回答
这里有一个解决方案,通过使用deboning逻辑,确保我们不会得到连续的背景/前景事件。所以,它总是反映一种稳定的背景/前景状态。
import androidx.lifecycle.Lifecycle
import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleEventObserver
import androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleOwner
import java.util.Timer
import java.util.TimerTask
/**
* An observer class to listen on the app's lifecycle.
*/
class AppLifecycleObserver(
private val onAppGoesToBackground: () -> Unit = {},
private val onAppEntersForeground: () -> Unit = {}
) : LifecycleEventObserver {
private val debounce = DebouncingTimer(timeout = 10)
override fun onStateChanged(source: LifecycleOwner, event: Lifecycle.Event) {
debounce.refresh {
when (event.targetState) {
Lifecycle.State.CREATED -> onAppGoesToBackground()
Lifecycle.State.RESUMED -> onAppEntersForeground()
else -> Unit
}
}
}
fun attach() {
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(this)
}
fun detach() {
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.removeObserver(this)
}
private class DebouncingTimer(private val timeout: Long) {
private var timer: Timer? = null
fun refresh(job: () -> Unit) {
timer?.cancel()
timer = Timer()
timer?.schedule(object : TimerTask() {
override fun run() = job.invoke()
}, timeout)
}
}
}
只需要创建一个AppLifecycleObserver实例:
private val appLifecycleObserver = AppLifecycleObserver(
onAppGoesToBackground = { // do whatever... },
onAppEntersForeground = { // do whatever... }
)
// Attach the observer when it is needed:
appLifecycleObserver.attach()
// Remove when there is no need to it:
appLifecycleObserver.detach()
不要忘记添加一个合适的依赖版本:
implementation("androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version")
您可以使用ProcessLifecycleOwner将生命周期观察者附加到它。
public class ForegroundLifecycleObserver implements LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE)
public void onAppCreated() {
Timber.d("onAppCreated() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
public void onAppStarted() {
Timber.d("onAppStarted() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_RESUME)
public void onAppResumed() {
Timber.d("onAppResumed() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_PAUSE)
public void onAppPaused() {
Timber.d("onAppPaused() called");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Event.ON_STOP)
public void onAppStopped() {
Timber.d("onAppStopped() called");
}
}
然后在你的Application类的onCreate()你调用这个:
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().getLifecycle().addObserver(new ForegroundLifecycleObserver());
有了它,你将能够捕捉应用程序在后台运行时发生的ON_PAUSE和ON_STOP事件。
LifecycleObserver已弃用。使用DefaultLifecycleObserver代替:
public class YourApplication extends Application implements DefaultLifecycleObserver {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().getLifecycle().addObserver(this);
}
@Override
public void onStart(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) {
DefaultLifecycleObserver.super.onStart(owner);
}
@Override
public void onResume(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) {
DefaultLifecycleObserver.super.onResume(owner);
}
@Override
public void onPause(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) {
DefaultLifecycleObserver.super.onPause(owner);
}
@Override
public void onStop(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) {
DefaultLifecycleObserver.super.onStop(owner);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) {
DefaultLifecycleObserver.super.onDestroy(owner);
}
}
依赖关系:
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:2.5.1'
implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:2.5.1'
使用ProcessLifecycleOwner,这非常简单
添加这些依赖项
implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:$project.archLifecycleVersion"
kapt "android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:$project.archLifecycleVersion"
在芬兰湾的科特林:
class ForegroundBackgroundListener : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun startSomething() {
Log.v("ProcessLog", "APP IS ON FOREGROUND")
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
fun stopSomething() {
Log.v("ProcessLog", "APP IS IN BACKGROUND")
}
}
然后在你的基本活动中:
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get()
.lifecycle
.addObserver(
ForegroundBackgroundListener()
.also { appObserver = it })
}
请看我关于这个主题的文章: https://medium.com/@egek92/how-to-actually-detect-foreground-background-changes-in-your-android-application-without-wanting-9719cc822c48
2021年11月更新
实际设置如下
class App : Application() {
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(AppLifecycleListener())
}
}
class AppLifecycleListener : DefaultLifecycleObserver {
override fun onStart(owner: LifecycleOwner) { // app moved to foreground
}
override fun onStop(owner: LifecycleOwner) { // app moved to background
}
}
依赖关系
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-process:$lifecycle_version"
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common:$lifecycle_version"
原来的答案
ProcessLifecycleOwner似乎也是一个很有前途的解决方案。
ProcessLifecycleOwner将分派ON_START, ON_RESUME事件,当第一个活动通过这些事件时。ON_PAUSE, ON_STOP,事件将在最后一个活动通过它们后延迟分派。这个延迟足够长,可以保证ProcessLifecycleOwner在由于配置更改而销毁和重新创建活动时不会发送任何事件。
实现可以简单到
class AppLifecycleListener : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun onMoveToForeground() { // app moved to foreground
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
fun onMoveToBackground() { // app moved to background
}
}
// register observer
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(AppLifecycleListener())
根据源代码,当前延迟值为700ms。
使用此特性还需要依赖项:
implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:$lifecycleVersion"
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