我试图写一个应用程序,做一些具体的时候,它被带回前台后一段时间。是否有一种方法可以检测应用程序是被发送到后台还是被带到前台?
当前回答
使用ProcessLifecycleOwner在Activity(或任何类)中从后台到前台检测app的示例。 当应用程序启动时,我缓存启动时间,然后在每个活动中,我将检查应用程序时间,以知道活动是否在第一时间启动或从后台启动
class MyApplication : Application(), LifecycleObserver {
var appStartBeginTime: Long? = null
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(this);
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun onMoveToForeground() {
Log.i("TAG", "onMoveToForeground")
appStartBeginTime = System.currentTimeMillis()
}
}
LoginActivity
class LoginActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
var localAppStartBeginTime: Long? = null
...
// Detect in onResume() instead of onStart because
// onMoveToForeground() in MyApplication will fired before onStart
override fun onResume() {
super.onResume()
if (isOpenedFirstTimeOrFromBackground()) {
Log.i("TAG", "open first time or from background")
// do something: eg, call API
} else {
Log.i("TAG", "on in another time")
}
}
private fun isOpenedFirstTimeOrFromBackground(): Boolean {
val globalStartBeginTime = (application as MyApplication).appStartBeginTime
if (localAppStartBeginTime != globalStartBeginTime) {
localAppStartBeginTime = globalStartBeginTime
return true
}
return false
}
}
安卓清单
<manifest ...>
<application
android:name=".MyApplication"
...>
</application>
</manifest>
演示 https://github.com/PhanVanLinh/AndroidDetectAppFromBackgroundToForeground
其他回答
这是我的解决方案。只需在您的主Application类中注册这个ActivityLifecycleCallbacks。在评论中,我提到了一个用户配置文件活动边缘情况。该活动只是一个具有透明边缘的活动。
/**
* This class used Activity lifecycle callbacks to determine when the application goes to the
* background as well as when it is brought to the foreground.
*/
public class Foreground implements Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks
{
/**
* How long to wait before checking onStart()/onStop() count to determine if the app has been
* backgrounded.
*/
public static final long BACKGROUND_CHECK_DELAY_MS = 500;
private static Foreground sInstance;
private final Handler mMainThreadHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
private boolean mIsForeground = false;
private int mCount;
public static void init(final Application application)
{
if (sInstance == null)
{
sInstance = new Foreground();
application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(sInstance);
}
}
public static Foreground getInstance()
{
return sInstance;
}
public boolean isForeground()
{
return mIsForeground;
}
public boolean isBackground()
{
return !mIsForeground;
}
@Override
public void onActivityStarted(final Activity activity)
{
mCount++;
// Remove posted Runnables so any Meteor disconnect is cancelled if the user comes back to
// the app before it runs.
mMainThreadHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);
if (!mIsForeground)
{
mIsForeground = true;
}
}
@Override
public void onActivityStopped(final Activity activity)
{
mCount--;
// A transparent Activity like community user profile won't stop the Activity that launched
// it. If you launch another Activity from the user profile or hit the Android home button,
// there are two onStops(). One for the user profile and one for its parent. Remove any
// posted Runnables so we don't get two session ended events.
mMainThreadHandler.removeCallbacksAndMessages(null);
mMainThreadHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
if (mCount == 0)
{
mIsForeground = false;
}
}
}, BACKGROUND_CHECK_DELAY_MS);
}
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(final Activity activity, final Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivityResumed(final Activity activity)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivityPaused(final Activity activity)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(final Activity activity, final Bundle outState)
{
}
@Override
public void onActivityDestroyed(final Activity activity)
{
}
}
我们可以使用LiveData扩展这个解决方案:
class AppForegroundStateLiveData : LiveData<AppForegroundStateLiveData.State>() {
private var lifecycleListener: LifecycleObserver? = null
override fun onActive() {
super.onActive()
lifecycleListener = AppLifecycleListener().also {
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.addObserver(it)
}
}
override fun onInactive() {
super.onInactive()
lifecycleListener?.let {
this.lifecycleListener = null
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().lifecycle.removeObserver(it)
}
}
internal inner class AppLifecycleListener : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun onMoveToForeground() {
value = State.FOREGROUND
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
fun onMoveToBackground() {
value = State.BACKGROUND
}
}
enum class State {
FOREGROUND, BACKGROUND
}
}
现在我们可以订阅这个LiveData并捕获所需的事件。例如:
appForegroundStateLiveData.observeForever { state ->
when(state) {
AppForegroundStateLiveData.State.FOREGROUND -> { /* app move to foreground */ }
AppForegroundStateLiveData.State.BACKGROUND -> { /* app move to background */ }
}
}
使用ProcessLifecycleOwner,这非常简单
添加这些依赖项
implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:$project.archLifecycleVersion"
kapt "android.arch.lifecycle:compiler:$project.archLifecycleVersion"
在芬兰湾的科特林:
class ForegroundBackgroundListener : LifecycleObserver {
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
fun startSomething() {
Log.v("ProcessLog", "APP IS ON FOREGROUND")
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
fun stopSomething() {
Log.v("ProcessLog", "APP IS IN BACKGROUND")
}
}
然后在你的基本活动中:
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get()
.lifecycle
.addObserver(
ForegroundBackgroundListener()
.also { appObserver = it })
}
请看我关于这个主题的文章: https://medium.com/@egek92/how-to-actually-detect-foreground-background-changes-in-your-android-application-without-wanting-9719cc822c48
我所做的是确保所有应用程序内的活动启动startActivityForResult,然后检查onActivityResult是否在onResume之前被调用。如果不是,这意味着我们刚刚从应用程序之外的某个地方返回。
boolean onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume;
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
startActivityForResult(intent, 0);
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);
onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume = true;
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
if (!onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume) {
// here, app was brought to foreground
}
onActivityResultCalledBeforeOnResume = false;
}
lifecycle包提供了类和接口,让您可以构建生命周期感知的组件
您的应用程序应该实现LifecycleObserver接口:
public class MyApplication extends Application implements LifecycleObserver {
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
ProcessLifecycleOwner.get().getLifecycle().addObserver(this);
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
private void onAppBackgrounded() {
Log.d("MyApp", "App in background");
}
@OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
private void onAppForegrounded() {
Log.d("MyApp", "App in foreground");
}
}
为此,您需要将此依赖项添加到构建中。gradle文件:
dependencies {
implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.1.1"
}
正如谷歌所建议的,你应该最小化在activity的生命周期方法中执行的代码:
一种常见的模式是实现依赖的操作 活动和片段的生命周期方法中的组件。 然而,这种模式会导致代码组织不佳,并且导致 错误的扩散。通过使用生命周期感知组件,您 是否可以将依赖组件的代码移出生命周期方法 以及组件本身。
你可以在这里阅读更多: https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/lifecycle
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