我需要在Java中连接两个字符串数组。

void f(String[] first, String[] second) {
    String[] both = ???
}

哪种方法最简单?


当前回答

一种简单但低效的方法(不包括泛型):

ArrayList baseArray = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(array1));
baseArray.addAll(Arrays.asList(array2));
String concatenated[] = (String []) baseArray.toArray(new String[baseArray.size()]);

其他回答

使用Java集合

好吧,Java没有提供连接数组的助手方法。然而,自Java5以来,Collections实用程序类引入了addAll(Collection<?super T>c,T…elements)方法。

我们可以创建一个List对象,然后调用该方法两次,将这两个数组添加到列表中。最后,我们将生成的List转换回数组:

static <T> T[] concatWithCollection(T[] array1, T[] array2) {
    List<T> resultList = new ArrayList<>(array1.length + array2.length);
    Collections.addAll(resultList, array1);
    Collections.addAll(resultList, array2);

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    //the type cast is safe as the array1 has the type T[]
    T[] resultArray = (T[]) Array.newInstance(array1.getClass().getComponentType(), 0);
    return resultList.toArray(resultArray);
}

Test

@Test
public void givenTwoStringArrays_whenConcatWithList_thenGetExpectedResult() {
    String[] result = ArrayConcatUtil.concatWithCollection(strArray1, strArray2);
    assertThat(result).isEqualTo(expectedStringArray);
}

我认为泛型的最佳解决方案是:

/* This for non primitive types */
public static <T> T[] concatenate (T[]... elements) {

    T[] C = null;
    for (T[] element: elements) {
        if (element==null) continue;
        if (C==null) C = (T[]) Array.newInstance(element.getClass().getComponentType(), element.length);
        else C = resizeArray(C, C.length+element.length);

        System.arraycopy(element, 0, C, C.length-element.length, element.length);
    }

    return C;
}

/**
 * as far as i know, primitive types do not accept generics 
 * http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2721546/why-dont-java-generics-support-primitive-types
 * for primitive types we could do something like this:
 * */
public static int[] concatenate (int[]... elements){
    int[] C = null;
    for (int[] element: elements) {
        if (element==null) continue;
        if (C==null) C = new int[element.length];
        else C = resizeArray(C, C.length+element.length);

        System.arraycopy(element, 0, C, C.length-element.length, element.length);
    }
    return C;
}

private static <T> T resizeArray (T array, int newSize) {
    int oldSize =
            java.lang.reflect.Array.getLength(array);
    Class elementType =
            array.getClass().getComponentType();
    Object newArray =
            java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(
                    elementType, newSize);
    int preserveLength = Math.min(oldSize, newSize);
    if (preserveLength > 0)
        System.arraycopy(array, 0,
                newArray, 0, preserveLength);
    return (T) newArray;
}

下面是一个简单的方法,它将连接两个数组并返回结果:

public <T> T[] concatenate(T[] a, T[] b) {
    int aLen = a.length;
    int bLen = b.length;

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    T[] c = (T[]) Array.newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), aLen + bLen);
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, c, 0, aLen);
    System.arraycopy(b, 0, c, aLen, bLen);

    return c;
}

请注意,它不适用于基本数据类型,仅适用于对象类型。

以下稍微复杂一点的版本同时适用于对象数组和基元数组。它通过使用T而不是T[]作为参数类型来实现这一点。

它还可以通过选择最通用的类型作为结果的组件类型来连接两种不同类型的数组。

public static <T> T concatenate(T a, T b) {
    if (!a.getClass().isArray() || !b.getClass().isArray()) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    }

    Class<?> resCompType;
    Class<?> aCompType = a.getClass().getComponentType();
    Class<?> bCompType = b.getClass().getComponentType();

    if (aCompType.isAssignableFrom(bCompType)) {
        resCompType = aCompType;
    } else if (bCompType.isAssignableFrom(aCompType)) {
        resCompType = bCompType;
    } else {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    }

    int aLen = Array.getLength(a);
    int bLen = Array.getLength(b);

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    T result = (T) Array.newInstance(resCompType, aLen + bLen);
    System.arraycopy(a, 0, result, 0, aLen);
    System.arraycopy(b, 0, result, aLen, bLen);        

    return result;
}

下面是一个示例:

Assert.assertArrayEquals(new int[] { 1, 2, 3 }, concatenate(new int[] { 1, 2 }, new int[] { 3 }));
Assert.assertArrayEquals(new Number[] { 1, 2, 3f }, concatenate(new Integer[] { 1, 2 }, new Number[] { 3f }));
Object[] mixArray(String[] a, String[] b)
String[] s1 = a;
String[] s2 = b;
Object[] result;
List<String> input = new ArrayList<String>();
for (int i = 0; i < s1.length; i++)
{
    input.add(s1[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < s2.length; i++)
{
    input.add(s2[i]);
}
result = input.toArray();
return result;

使用流的Java8的另一种方式

  public String[] concatString(String[] a, String[] b){ 
    Stream<String> streamA = Arrays.stream(a);
    Stream<String> streamB = Arrays.stream(b);
    return Stream.concat(streamA, streamB).toArray(String[]::new); 
  }