我的解决方案:

ps -o command | grep -v -e "\<ps\>" -e grep -e tail | tail -1

这应该可以跨不同的平台和shell进行移植。它像其他解决方案一样使用ps，但它不依赖于sed或awk，并过滤掉管道和ps本身的垃圾，因此shell应该始终是最后一个条目。这样我们就不需要依赖不可移植的PID变量或选择正确的行和列。

我已经在Debian和macOS上用Bash、Z shell (zsh)和fish进行了测试(如果不专门为fish更改表达式，大多数解决方案都无法使用，因为它使用了不同的PID变量)。

$SHELL不需要总是显示当前SHELL。它只反映要调用的默认shell。

为了测试上面的测试，假设bash是默认shell，尝试echo $ shell，然后在同一终端，进入其他一些shell(例如KornShell (ksh))并尝试$ shell。在这两种情况下，您将看到结果为bash。

要获得当前shell的名称，使用cat /proc/$$/cmdline。和通过readlink /proc/$$/exe到shell可执行文件的路径。

There are three approaches to finding the name of the current shell's executable: Please note that all three approaches can be fooled if the executable of the shell is /bin/sh, but it's really a renamed bash, for example (which frequently happens). Thus your second question of whether ps output will do is answered with "not always". echo $0 - will print the program name... which in the case of the shell is the actual shell. ps -ef | grep $$ | grep -v grep - this will look for the current process ID in the list of running processes. Since the current process is the shell, it will be included. This is not 100% reliable, as you might have other processes whose ps listing includes the same number as shell's process ID, especially if that ID is a small number (for example, if the shell's PID is "5", you may find processes called "java5" or "perl5" in the same grep output!). This is the second problem with the "ps" approach, on top of not being able to rely on the shell name. echo $SHELL - The path to the current shell is stored as the SHELL variable for any shell. The caveat for this one is that if you launch a shell explicitly as a subprocess (for example, it's not your login shell), you will get your login shell's value instead. If that's a possibility, use the ps or $0 approach. If, however, the executable doesn't match your actual shell (e.g. /bin/sh is actually bash or ksh), you need heuristics. Here are some environmental variables specific to various shells: $version is set on tcsh $BASH is set on bash $shell (lowercase) is set to actual shell name in csh or tcsh $ZSH_NAME is set on zsh ksh has $PS3 and $PS4 set, whereas the normal Bourne shell (sh) only has $PS1 and $PS2 set. This generally seems like the hardest to distinguish - the only difference in the entire set of environment variables between sh and ksh we have installed on Solaris boxen is $ERRNO, $FCEDIT, $LINENO, $PPID, $PS3, $PS4, $RANDOM, $SECONDS, and $TMOUT.

这个在Red Hat Linux (RHEL)， macOS, BSD和一些aix上运行良好:

ps -T $$ | awk 'NR==2{print $NF}' 

或者，如果pstree可用，下面的一个也应该工作，

pstree | egrep $$ | awk 'NR==2{print $NF}'

请使用以下命令:

ps -p $$ | tail -1 | awk '{print $4}'

有许多方法可以找到shell及其对应的版本。下面是一些对我有用的方法。

直截了当的

$> echo $0(给你程序名。在我的例子中，输出是-bash。) $> $SHELL(这将带您进入SHELL，并在提示符中获得SHELL名称和版本。在我的情况下bash3.2$。) $> echo $SHELL(这将给你可执行的路径。在我的情况下/bin/bash。) $> $SHELL——version(这将提供有关许可证类型的SHELL软件的完整信息)

独创性的方法

$> *******(输入一组随机字符，在输出中您将获得shell名称。在我的例子中-bash: chapter2-a-sample-isomorphic-app: command not found)