在Mac OS X(和FreeBSD)上:

ps -p $$ -axco command | sed -n '$p' 

There are three approaches to finding the name of the current shell's executable: Please note that all three approaches can be fooled if the executable of the shell is /bin/sh, but it's really a renamed bash, for example (which frequently happens). Thus your second question of whether ps output will do is answered with "not always". echo $0 - will print the program name... which in the case of the shell is the actual shell. ps -ef | grep $$ | grep -v grep - this will look for the current process ID in the list of running processes. Since the current process is the shell, it will be included. This is not 100% reliable, as you might have other processes whose ps listing includes the same number as shell's process ID, especially if that ID is a small number (for example, if the shell's PID is "5", you may find processes called "java5" or "perl5" in the same grep output!). This is the second problem with the "ps" approach, on top of not being able to rely on the shell name. echo $SHELL - The path to the current shell is stored as the SHELL variable for any shell. The caveat for this one is that if you launch a shell explicitly as a subprocess (for example, it's not your login shell), you will get your login shell's value instead. If that's a possibility, use the ps or $0 approach. If, however, the executable doesn't match your actual shell (e.g. /bin/sh is actually bash or ksh), you need heuristics. Here are some environmental variables specific to various shells: $version is set on tcsh $BASH is set on bash $shell (lowercase) is set to actual shell name in csh or tcsh $ZSH_NAME is set on zsh ksh has $PS3 and $PS4 set, whereas the normal Bourne shell (sh) only has $PS1 and $PS2 set. This generally seems like the hardest to distinguish - the only difference in the entire set of environment variables between sh and ksh we have installed on Solaris boxen is $ERRNO, $FCEDIT, $LINENO, $PPID, $PS3, $PS4, $RANDOM, $SECONDS, and $TMOUT.

没有一个答案适用于fish shell(它没有变量$$或$0)。

这适用于我(测试在sh, bash, fish, ksh, csh, true, tcsh，和zsh;openSUSE 13.2):

ps | tail -n 4 | sed -E '2,$d;s/.* (.*)/\1/'

该命令输出类似bash的字符串。这里我只使用ps、tail和sed(没有GNU扩展;尝试添加——posix来检查它)。它们都是标准的POSIX命令。我相信尾巴是可以去掉的，但是我的sed fu还不够强。

在我看来，这个解决方案不是很可移植，因为它不能在OS x上工作:(

你可以试试:

ps | grep `echo $$` | awk '{ print $4 }'

Or:

echo $SHELL

我的解决方案:

ps -o command | grep -v -e "\<ps\>" -e grep -e tail | tail -1

这应该可以跨不同的平台和shell进行移植。它像其他解决方案一样使用ps，但它不依赖于sed或awk，并过滤掉管道和ps本身的垃圾，因此shell应该始终是最后一个条目。这样我们就不需要依赖不可移植的PID变量或选择正确的行和列。

我已经在Debian和macOS上用Bash、Z shell (zsh)和fish进行了测试(如果不专门为fish更改表达式，大多数解决方案都无法使用，因为它使用了不同的PID变量)。

我对打印父进程的变体:

ps -p $$ | awk '$1 == PP {print $4}' PP=$$

当AWK可以为您运行不必要的应用程序时，不要运行它。