一种方法是:

ps -p $$ -o exe=

在我看来，这比在另一个答案中使用-o args或-o comm更好(这些可能会使用一些符号链接，例如当/bin/sh指向某个特定的shell，如Dash或Bash)。

上面返回的是可执行文件的路径，但要注意，由于/usr-merge，可能需要检查多个路径(例如/bin/bash和/usr/bin/bash)。

还要注意，上面的文件并不完全与POSIX兼容(POSIX ps没有exe)。

这个在Red Hat Linux (RHEL)， macOS, BSD和一些aix上运行良好:

ps -T $$ | awk 'NR==2{print $NF}' 

或者，如果pstree可用，下面的一个也应该工作，

pstree | egrep $$ | awk 'NR==2{print $NF}'

There are three approaches to finding the name of the current shell's executable: Please note that all three approaches can be fooled if the executable of the shell is /bin/sh, but it's really a renamed bash, for example (which frequently happens). Thus your second question of whether ps output will do is answered with "not always". echo $0 - will print the program name... which in the case of the shell is the actual shell. ps -ef | grep $$ | grep -v grep - this will look for the current process ID in the list of running processes. Since the current process is the shell, it will be included. This is not 100% reliable, as you might have other processes whose ps listing includes the same number as shell's process ID, especially if that ID is a small number (for example, if the shell's PID is "5", you may find processes called "java5" or "perl5" in the same grep output!). This is the second problem with the "ps" approach, on top of not being able to rely on the shell name. echo $SHELL - The path to the current shell is stored as the SHELL variable for any shell. The caveat for this one is that if you launch a shell explicitly as a subprocess (for example, it's not your login shell), you will get your login shell's value instead. If that's a possibility, use the ps or $0 approach. If, however, the executable doesn't match your actual shell (e.g. /bin/sh is actually bash or ksh), you need heuristics. Here are some environmental variables specific to various shells: $version is set on tcsh $BASH is set on bash $shell (lowercase) is set to actual shell name in csh or tcsh $ZSH_NAME is set on zsh ksh has $PS3 and $PS4 set, whereas the normal Bourne shell (sh) only has $PS1 and $PS2 set. This generally seems like the hardest to distinguish - the only difference in the entire set of environment variables between sh and ksh we have installed on Solaris boxen is $ERRNO, $FCEDIT, $LINENO, $PPID, $PS3, $PS4, $RANDOM, $SECONDS, and $TMOUT.

执行以下操作以了解您的shell是否使用Dash/Bash。

ls –la /bin/sh：

如果结果是/bin/sh -> /bin/bash ==>那么你的shell使用的是Bash。 如果结果是/bin/sh ->/bin/dash ==>那么你的shell使用的是dash。

如果你想从Bash更改为Dash或反之亦然，请使用下面的代码:

将shell更改为Bash

注意:如果上述命令导致错误提示/bin/sh已经存在，请删除/bin/sh后重试。

echo $$ # Gives the Parent Process ID 
ps -ef | grep $$ | awk '{print $8}' # Use the PID to see what the process is.

你如何知道你当前的shell是什么?

你可以试试:

ps | grep `echo $$` | awk '{ print $4 }'

Or:

echo $SHELL