微软应该为INotifyPropertyChanged实现一些时髦的东西,就像在自动属性中,只需要指定{get;设置;通知;} 我认为这样做很有意义。或者做这个手术有什么并发症吗?

我们能在属性中实现类似notify的东西吗。在你的类中实现INotifyPropertyChanged是否有一个优雅的解决方案,或者唯一的方法是在每个属性中引发PropertyChanged事件。

如果不是,我们可以写一些东西来自动生成一段代码来引发PropertyChanged事件?


当前回答

使用这个

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies;


public static class ObservableFactory
{
    public static T Create<T>(T target)
    {
        if (!typeof(T).IsInterface)
            throw new ArgumentException("Target should be an interface", "target");

        var proxy = new Observable<T>(target);
        return (T)proxy.GetTransparentProxy();
    }
}

internal class Observable<T> : RealProxy, INotifyPropertyChanged, INotifyPropertyChanging
{
    private readonly T target;

    internal Observable(T target)
        : base(ImplementINotify(typeof(T)))
    {
        this.target = target;
    }

    public override IMessage Invoke(IMessage msg)
    {
        var methodCall = msg as IMethodCallMessage;

        if (methodCall != null)
        {
            return HandleMethodCall(methodCall);
        }

        return null;
    }

    public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging;
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;



    IMessage HandleMethodCall(IMethodCallMessage methodCall)
    {
        var isPropertySetterCall = methodCall.MethodName.StartsWith("set_");
        var propertyName = isPropertySetterCall ? methodCall.MethodName.Substring(4) : null;

        if (isPropertySetterCall)
        {
            OnPropertyChanging(propertyName);
        }

        try
        {
            object methodCalltarget = target;

            if (methodCall.MethodName == "add_PropertyChanged" || methodCall.MethodName == "remove_PropertyChanged"||
                methodCall.MethodName == "add_PropertyChanging" || methodCall.MethodName == "remove_PropertyChanging")
            {
                methodCalltarget = this;
            }

            var result = methodCall.MethodBase.Invoke(methodCalltarget, methodCall.InArgs);

            if (isPropertySetterCall)
            {
                OnPropertyChanged(methodCall.MethodName.Substring(4));
            }

            return new ReturnMessage(result, null, 0, methodCall.LogicalCallContext, methodCall);
        }
        catch (TargetInvocationException invocationException)
        {
            var exception = invocationException.InnerException;
            return new ReturnMessage(exception, methodCall);
        }
    }

    protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
    {
        var handler = PropertyChanged;
        if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }

    protected virtual void OnPropertyChanging(string propertyName)
    {
        var handler = PropertyChanging;
        if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangingEventArgs(propertyName));
    }

    public static Type ImplementINotify(Type objectType)
    {
        var tempAssemblyName = new AssemblyName(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());

        var dynamicAssembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(
            tempAssemblyName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndCollect);

        var moduleBuilder = dynamicAssembly.DefineDynamicModule(
            tempAssemblyName.Name,
            tempAssemblyName + ".dll");

        var typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(
            objectType.FullName, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Interface | TypeAttributes.Abstract);

        typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(objectType);
        typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeof(INotifyPropertyChanged));
        typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeof(INotifyPropertyChanging));
        var newType = typeBuilder.CreateType();
        return newType;
    }
}

}

其他回答

我认为人们应该多关注一下表现;当有很多对象需要绑定时(想想有10,000多行的网格),或者对象的值经常变化时(实时监控应用程序),它确实会影响UI。

我把这里和其他地方找到的各种实现进行了比较;查看INotifyPropertyChanged实现的性能比较。


下面是测试结果

这就是大规模的过度工程。这比仅仅以正确的方式进行要复杂得多,而且几乎没有任何好处。如果你的IDE支持代码片段(Visual Studio/MonoDevelop支持),那么你可以让这个实现变得非常简单。你需要输入的只是属性的类型和属性名。额外的三行代码将自动生成。

一个非常类似aop的方法是动态地将INotifyPropertyChanged注入到已经实例化的对象中。你可以使用像Castle DynamicProxy这样的工具来做到这一点。下面有一篇文章解释了这个技巧:

添加INotifyPropertyChanged到现有对象

使用这个

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies;


public static class ObservableFactory
{
    public static T Create<T>(T target)
    {
        if (!typeof(T).IsInterface)
            throw new ArgumentException("Target should be an interface", "target");

        var proxy = new Observable<T>(target);
        return (T)proxy.GetTransparentProxy();
    }
}

internal class Observable<T> : RealProxy, INotifyPropertyChanged, INotifyPropertyChanging
{
    private readonly T target;

    internal Observable(T target)
        : base(ImplementINotify(typeof(T)))
    {
        this.target = target;
    }

    public override IMessage Invoke(IMessage msg)
    {
        var methodCall = msg as IMethodCallMessage;

        if (methodCall != null)
        {
            return HandleMethodCall(methodCall);
        }

        return null;
    }

    public event PropertyChangingEventHandler PropertyChanging;
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;



    IMessage HandleMethodCall(IMethodCallMessage methodCall)
    {
        var isPropertySetterCall = methodCall.MethodName.StartsWith("set_");
        var propertyName = isPropertySetterCall ? methodCall.MethodName.Substring(4) : null;

        if (isPropertySetterCall)
        {
            OnPropertyChanging(propertyName);
        }

        try
        {
            object methodCalltarget = target;

            if (methodCall.MethodName == "add_PropertyChanged" || methodCall.MethodName == "remove_PropertyChanged"||
                methodCall.MethodName == "add_PropertyChanging" || methodCall.MethodName == "remove_PropertyChanging")
            {
                methodCalltarget = this;
            }

            var result = methodCall.MethodBase.Invoke(methodCalltarget, methodCall.InArgs);

            if (isPropertySetterCall)
            {
                OnPropertyChanged(methodCall.MethodName.Substring(4));
            }

            return new ReturnMessage(result, null, 0, methodCall.LogicalCallContext, methodCall);
        }
        catch (TargetInvocationException invocationException)
        {
            var exception = invocationException.InnerException;
            return new ReturnMessage(exception, methodCall);
        }
    }

    protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
    {
        var handler = PropertyChanged;
        if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }

    protected virtual void OnPropertyChanging(string propertyName)
    {
        var handler = PropertyChanging;
        if (handler != null) handler(this, new PropertyChangingEventArgs(propertyName));
    }

    public static Type ImplementINotify(Type objectType)
    {
        var tempAssemblyName = new AssemblyName(Guid.NewGuid().ToString());

        var dynamicAssembly = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(
            tempAssemblyName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndCollect);

        var moduleBuilder = dynamicAssembly.DefineDynamicModule(
            tempAssemblyName.Name,
            tempAssemblyName + ".dll");

        var typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(
            objectType.FullName, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Interface | TypeAttributes.Abstract);

        typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(objectType);
        typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeof(INotifyPropertyChanged));
        typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeof(INotifyPropertyChanging));
        var newType = typeBuilder.CreateType();
        return newType;
    }
}

}

我把它作为一个片段保存下来。c# 6为调用处理程序添加了一些不错的语法。

// INotifyPropertyChanged

public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

private void Set<T>(ref T property, T value, [CallerMemberName] string propertyName = null)
{
    if (EqualityComparer<T>.Default.Equals(property, value) == false)
    {
        property = value;
        PropertyChanged?.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }
}