下面是我如何为c++配置VS

确保将适当的路径更改为安装MinGW的位置

launch.json

{
   "version": "0.2.0",
   "configurations": [
       {
           "name": "C++ Launch (GDB)",                
           "type": "cppdbg",                         
           "request": "launch",                        
           "targetArchitecture": "x86",                
           "program": "${workspaceRoot}\\${fileBasename}.exe",                 
           "miDebuggerPath":"C:\\mingw-w64\\bin\\gdb.exe", 
           "args": [],     
           "stopAtEntry": false,                  
           "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",                  
           "externalConsole": true,                  
           "preLaunchTask": "g++"　　                  
           }
   ]
}

tasks.json

{
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "command": "g++",
    "args": ["-g","-std=c++11","${file}","-o","${workspaceRoot}\\${fileBasename}.exe"],
    "problemMatcher": {
        "owner": "cpp",
        "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}"],
        "pattern": {
            "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
            "file": 1,
            "line": 2,
            "column": 3,
            "severity": 4,
            "message": 5
        }
    }
}

c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceRoot}",
                "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++",
                "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++/backward",
                "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include",
                "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++/tr1",
                "C:/mingw-w64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "__GNUC__=6",
                "__cdecl=__attribute__((__cdecl__))"
            ],
            "intelliSenseMode": "msvc-x64",
            "browse": {
                "path": [
                    "${workspaceRoot}",
                    "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++",
                    "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                    "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++/backward",
                    "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include",
                    "C:/mingw-w64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/7.2.0/include/c++/tr1",
                    "C:/mingw-w64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
                ]
            },
            "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
            "databaseFilename": ""
        }
    ],
    "version": 3
}

参考:

C/ c++ VS Code c_cpp_properties。json模板

构建任务是特定于项目的。要创建一个新项目，请在Visual Studio Code中打开一个目录。

按照这里的说明，按Ctrl + Shift + P，输入Configure Tasks，选择它并按Enter。

的任务。Json文件将被打开。将以下构建脚本粘贴到文件中，并保存:

{
    "version": "0.1.0",
    "command": "make",
    "isShellCommand": true,
    "tasks": [
        {
            "taskName": "Makefile",

            // Make this the default build command.
            "isBuildCommand": true,

            // Show the output window only if unrecognized errors occur.
            "showOutput": "always",

            // Pass 'all' as the build target
            "args": ["all"],

            // Use the standard less compilation problem matcher.
            "problemMatcher": {
                "owner": "cpp",
                "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}"],
                "pattern": {
                    "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                    "file": 1,
                    "line": 2,
                    "column": 3,
                    "severity": 4,
                    "message": 5
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

现在转到菜单文件→首选项→键盘快捷键，为构建任务添加以下键绑定:

// Place your key bindings in this file to overwrite the defaults
[
    { "key": "f8",          "command": "workbench.action.tasks.build" }
]

现在，当您按下F8时，Makefile将被执行，错误将在编辑器中下划线显示。

这里的基本问题是构建和链接c++程序在很大程度上依赖于所使用的构建系统。你将需要支持以下不同的任务，使用一些插件和自定义代码的组合:

General C++ language support for the editor. This is usually done using ms-vscode.cpptools, which most people expect to also handle a lot of other stuff, like build support. Let me save you some time: it doesn't. However, you will probably want it anyway. Build, clean, and rebuild tasks. This is where your choice of build system becomes a huge deal. You will find plugins for things like CMake and Autoconf (god help you), but if you're using something like Meson and Ninja, you are going to have to write some helper scripts, and configure a custom "tasks.json" file to handle these. Microsoft has totally changed everything about that file over the last few versions, right down to what it is supposed to be called and the places (yes, placeS) it can go, to say nothing of completely changing the format. Worse, they've SORT OF kept backward compatibility, to be sure to use the "version" key to specify which variant you want. See details here:

https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/tasks

.．.但注意冲突:

https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/languages/cpp

警告:在下面所有的答案中，任何以“version”标签低于2.0.0开头的内容都是过时的。

这是我目前能找到的最接近的东西。请注意，我把大部分繁重的工作都交给了脚本，这并没有给我提供任何我可以接受的菜单项，如果不在这里显式地添加另外三个条目，就没有任何好的方法来选择调试和发布。综上所述，以下是我可以容忍的.vscode/任务。Json文件:

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "build project",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "buildscripts/build-debug.sh",
            "args": [],

            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "presentation": {
                // Reveal the output only if unrecognized errors occur.
                "echo": true,
                "focus": false,
                "reveal": "always",
                "panel": "shared"
            },

            // Use the standard MS compiler pattern to detect errors, warnings and infos
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": {
                "owner": "cpp",
                "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}/DEBUG"],
                "pattern": {
                    "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                    "file": 1,
                    "line": 2,
                    "column": 3,
                    "severity": 4,
                    "message": 5
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "label": "rebuild project",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "buildscripts/rebuild-debug.sh",
            "args": [],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "presentation": {
                // Reveal the output only if unrecognized errors occur.
                "echo": true,
                "focus": false,
                "reveal": "always",
                "panel": "shared"
            },

            // Use the standard MS compiler pattern to detect errors, warnings and infos
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": {
                "owner": "cpp",
                "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}/DEBUG"],
                "pattern": {
                    "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                    "file": 1,
                    "line": 2,
                    "column": 3,
                    "severity": 4,
                    "message": 5
                }
            }
        },
        {
            "label": "clean project",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "buildscripts/clean-debug.sh",
            "args": [],

            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "presentation": {
                // Reveal the output only if unrecognized errors occur.
                "echo": true,
                "focus": false,
                "reveal": "always",
                "panel": "shared"
            },

            // Use the standard MS compiler pattern to detect errors, warnings and infos
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}"
            },
            "problemMatcher": {
                "owner": "cpp",
                "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}/DEBUG"],
                "pattern": {
                    "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                    "file": 1,
                    "line": 2,
                    "column": 3,
                    "severity": 4,
                    "message": 5
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

Note that, in theory, this file is supposed to work if you put it in the workspace root, so that you aren't stuck checking files in hidden directories (.vscode) into your revision control system. I have yet to see that actually work; test it, but if it fails, put it in .vscode. Either way, the IDE will bitch if it isn't there anyway. (Yes, at the moment, this means I have been forced to check .vscode into subversion, which I'm not happy about.) Note that my build scripts (not shown) simply create (or recreate) a DEBUG directory using, in my case, meson, and build inside it (using, in my case, ninja).

运行、调试、附加、停止。这些是另一组任务，定义在“launch.json”中。至少以前是这样。微软把文档搞得一团糟，我甚至都不确定了。

一个新的2.0.0任务的makefile任务示例。json版本。

在下面的代码片段中，我希望它们会有用。

{
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "<TASK_NAME>",
            "type": "shell",
            "command": "make",
            // use options.cwd property if the Makefile is not in the project root ${workspaceRoot} dir
            "options": {
                "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}/<DIR_WITH_MAKEFILE>"
            },
            // start the build without prompting for task selection, use "group": "build" otherwise
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
            "presentation": {
                "echo": true,
                "reveal": "always",
                "focus": false,
                "panel": "shared"
            },
            // arg passing example: in this case is executed make QUIET=0
            "args": ["QUIET=0"],
            // Use the standard less compilation problem matcher.
            "problemMatcher": {
                "owner": "cpp",
                "fileLocation": ["absolute"],
                "pattern": {
                    "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
                    "file": 1,
                    "line": 2,
                    "column": 3,
                    "severity": 4,
                    "message": 5
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}

有一个更简单的方法来编译和运行c++代码，不需要配置:

安装代码运行器扩展 在文本编辑器中打开您的c++代码文件，使用快捷键Ctrl+Alt+N，或者按F1，然后选择/键入运行代码，或者右键单击文本编辑器，然后在上下文菜单中单击运行代码，代码将被编译并运行，输出将显示在输出窗口中。

此外，您可以在设置中更新配置。如果你想使用不同的c++编译器，c++的默认配置如下:

"code-runner.executorMap": {
    "cpp": "g++ $fullFileName && ./a.out"
}

出于对缺乏清晰文件的失望， 我在github上创建了一个Mac项目，应该可以工作(构建和调试):

vscode-mac-c-example

注意，它需要XCode和VSCode Microsoft cpptools扩展。

我计划在Windows和linux上做同样的事情(除非微软先写了像样的文档…)