我们必须一直为日志输出构建字符串等等。在JDK版本中，我们已经学习了什么时候使用StringBuffer(许多追加，线程安全)和StringBuilder(许多追加，非线程安全)。
使用String.format()有什么建议?它是有效的，还是我们被迫坚持在性能很重要的一行程序中使用连接?
例如，丑陋的老式风格，
String s = "What do you get if you multiply " + varSix + " by " + varNine + "?";
vs.整洁的新样式(字符串。格式，可能更慢)，
String s = String.format("What do you get if you multiply %d by %d?", varSix, varNine);
注意:我的特定用例是代码中的数百个“一行”日志字符串。它们不涉及循环，所以StringBuilder太重量级了。我对String.format()特别感兴趣。
当前回答
下面是修改后的hhafez入口。它包括一个字符串构建器选项。
public class BLA
{
public static final String BLAH = "Blah ";
public static final String BLAH2 = " Blah";
public static final String BLAH3 = "Blah %d Blah";
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i = 0;
long prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
long time;
int numLoops = 1000000;
for( i = 0; i< numLoops; i++){
String s = BLAH + i + BLAH2;
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
for( i = 0; i<numLoops; i++){
String s = String.format(BLAH3, i);
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
for( i = 0; i<numLoops; i++){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(BLAH);
sb.append(i);
sb.append(BLAH2);
String s = sb.toString();
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
}
}
循环391之后的时间 循环4163之后的时间 循环227之后的时间
其他回答
下面是修改后的hhafez入口。它包括一个字符串构建器选项。
public class BLA
{
public static final String BLAH = "Blah ";
public static final String BLAH2 = " Blah";
public static final String BLAH3 = "Blah %d Blah";
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i = 0;
long prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
long time;
int numLoops = 1000000;
for( i = 0; i< numLoops; i++){
String s = BLAH + i + BLAH2;
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
for( i = 0; i<numLoops; i++){
String s = String.format(BLAH3, i);
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
for( i = 0; i<numLoops; i++){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(BLAH);
sb.append(i);
sb.append(BLAH2);
String s = sb.toString();
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
}
}
循环391之后的时间 循环4163之后的时间 循环227之后的时间
这个问题的答案在很大程度上取决于您特定的Java编译器如何优化它生成的字节码。字符串是不可变的，理论上，每个“+”操作都可以创建一个新的字符串。但是，你的编译器几乎肯定会优化掉构建长字符串的中间步骤。上面的两行代码完全有可能生成完全相同的字节码。
唯一真正了解的方法是在当前环境中迭代地测试代码。编写一个QD应用程序，以迭代的方式连接字符串，并查看它们如何彼此超时。
To expand/correct on the first answer above, it's not translation that String.format would help with, actually. What String.format will help with is when you're printing a date/time (or a numeric format, etc), where there are localization(l10n) differences (ie, some countries will print 04Feb2009 and others will print Feb042009). With translation, you're just talking about moving any externalizable strings (like error messages and what-not) into a property bundle so that you can use the right bundle for the right language, using ResourceBundle and MessageFormat. Looking at all the above, I'd say that performance-wise, String.format vs. plain concatenation comes down to what you prefer. If you prefer looking at calls to .format over concatenation, then by all means, go with that. After all, code is read a lot more than it's written.
我写了一个小类来测试两者中哪个具有更好的性能，并且+优先于格式。以5到6的倍数。 你自己试试吧
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Date;
public class StringTest{
public static void main( String[] args ){
int i = 0;
long prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
long time;
for( i = 0; i< 100000; i++){
String s = "Blah" + i + "Blah";
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
prev_time = System.currentTimeMillis();
for( i = 0; i<100000; i++){
String s = String.format("Blah %d Blah", i);
}
time = System.currentTimeMillis() - prev_time;
System.out.println("Time after for loop " + time);
}
}
对不同的N运行上面的代码，可以看出两者都是线性的，但是String。格式要慢5-30倍。
原因是在当前的String实现中。Format首先用正则表达式解析输入，然后填充参数。另一方面，使用plus的连接由javac(而不是JIT)优化，并使用StringBuilder。直接添加。
你的旧样式会被JAVAC 1.6自动编译为:
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("What do you get if you multiply ");
sb.append(varSix);
sb.append(" by ");
sb.append(varNine);
sb.append("?");
String s = sb.toString();
所以这和使用StringBuilder是没有区别的。
字符串。format要重量级得多，因为它创建了一个新的Formatter，解析输入格式字符串，创建一个StringBuilder，将所有内容附加到它并调用toString()。
