matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xticks, or matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticks for the y-axis, can be used to change the ticks and labels beginning with matplotlib 3.5.0. These are for the object oriented interface. If using the pyplot state-based interface, use plt.xticks or plt.yticks, as shown in other answers. In general terms, pass a list / array of numbers to the ticks parameter, and a list / array strings to the labels parameter. In this case, the x-axis is comprised of continuous numeric values, so there are no set Text labels, as thoroughly explained in this answer. This is not the case when plots have discrete ticks (e.g. boxplot, barplot). [Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, ''), Text(0, 0, '')] is returned by ax.get_xticklabels() [-0.25 0. 0.25 0.5 0.75 1. 1.25 1.5 1.75 2. 2.25] is returned by ax.get_xticks() type(ax.get_xticks()) is <class 'numpy.ndarray'> type(ax.get_xticks()[0]) is <class 'numpy.float64'> Since the OP is trying to replace a numeric label with a str, all of the values in the ndarray must be converted to str type, and the value to be changed can be updated. Tested in python 3.10 and matplotlib 3.5.2

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# create figure and axes
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 6))

# plot data
t = np.arange(0.0, 2.0, 0.01)
s = np.sin(2*np.pi*t)

# plot
ax.plot(t, s)

# get the xticks, which are the numeric location of the ticks
xticks = ax.get_xticks()

# get the xticks and convert the values in the array to str type
xticklabels = list(map(str, ax.get_xticks()))

# update the string to be changed
xticklabels[1] = 'Test'

# set the xticks and the labels
_ = ax.set_xticks(xticks, xticklabels)

注意，更改xticklabels时，x轴偏移量不会保留。但是，正确的值没有偏移量。

# create figure and axes
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(8, 6), sharex=False)

# plot data
t = np.linspace(0, 1500000, 100)
s = t**2

# plot
ax1.plot(t, s)
ax2.plot(t, s)

# get the xticks, which are the numeric location of the ticks
xticks = ax2.get_xticks()

# get the xticks and convert the values in the array to str type
xticklabels = list(map(str, ax2.get_xticks()))

# update the string to be changed
xticklabels[1] = 'Test'

# set the xticks and the labels
_ = ax2.set_xticks(xticks, xticklabels, rotation=90)

axes类有一个set_yticklabels函数，它允许你设置tick标签，如下所示:

#ax is the axes instance
group_labels = ['control', 'cold treatment',
             'hot treatment', 'another treatment',
             'the last one']

ax.set_xticklabels(group_labels)

我仍在研究为什么你上面的例子不起作用。

注意:除非ticklabels已经设置为字符串(通常在箱线图中是这样)，否则这将不适用于任何更新于1.1.0的matplotlib版本。如果你正在从当前的github master工作，这将不起作用。我还不确定是什么问题……这可能是一个无意的变化，也可能不是……

通常情况下，你会这样做:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

# We need to draw the canvas, otherwise the labels won't be positioned and 
# won't have values yet.
fig.canvas.draw()

labels = [item.get_text() for item in ax.get_xticklabels()]
labels[1] = 'Testing'

ax.set_xticklabels(labels)

plt.show()

要理解为什么需要跳过这么多步骤，您需要更多地了解matplotlib的结构。

Matplotlib故意避免对刻度等进行“静态”定位，除非明确地告诉它这样做。假设您希望与图形交互，因此图形的边界、刻度、刻度标签等将动态变化。

因此，不能只设置给定标记标签的文本。默认情况下，每次绘制图形时，它都会被轴的Locator和Formatter重新设置。

但是，如果Locators和Formatters被设置为静态(分别为FixedLocator和FixedFormatter)，则标记标签保持不变。

这就是set_*ticklabels或ax.*axis。set_ticklabels。

希望这能让您更清楚地了解为什么更改单个标记有点复杂。

通常，你真正想做的只是注释一个特定的位置。在这种情况下，请查看注释。

这个问题被问到已经有一段时间了。截至今天(matplotlib 2.2.2)，经过一些阅读和试验，我认为最佳/适当的方式如下:

Matplotlib有一个名为ticker的模块，它“包含支持完全可配置的标记定位和格式化的类”。为了从图中修改一个特定的tick，以下对我来说是有效的:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
import numpy as np 

def update_ticks(x, pos):
    if x == 0:
        return 'Mean'
    elif pos == 6:
        return 'pos is 6'
    else:
        return x

data = np.random.normal(0, 1, 1000)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.hist(data, bins=25, edgecolor='black')
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mticker.FuncFormatter(update_ticks))
plt.show()

警告!X是tick的值，pos是它在坐标轴上的相对位置。注意，pos的值从1开始，而不是在索引时通常从0开始。

在我的例子中，我试图用百分比值格式化直方图的y轴。mticker有另一个名为PercentFormatter的类，它可以很容易地做到这一点，而不需要像以前那样定义一个单独的函数:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.ticker as mticker
import numpy as np 

data = np.random.normal(0, 1, 1000)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
weights = np.ones_like(data) / len(data)
ax.hist(data, bins=25, weights=weights, edgecolor='black')
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(mticker.PercentFormatter(xmax=1.0, decimals=1))
plt.show()

在本例中，xmax是对应于100%的数据值。百分比计算为x / xmax * 100，这就是为什么我们修正xmax=1.0。此外，decimals是指在该点后放置的小数位数。

试试这个:

  fig,axis = plt.subplots(nrows=1,ncols=1,figsize=(13,6),sharex=True)
  axis.set_xticklabels(['0', 'testing', '10000', '20000', '30000'],fontsize=22)

你可以:

for k in ax.get_xmajorticklabels():
    if some-condition:
        k.set_color(any_colour_you_like)

draw()