我在渲染函数中有一个简单的表单,如下所示:
render : function() {
return (
<form>
<input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" />
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
<button type="button" onClick={this.handleLogin}>Login</button>
</form>
);
},
handleLogin: function() {
//How to access email and password here ?
}
我应该在我的handleLogin: function(){…}访问电子邮件和密码字段?
迈克尔·肖克的回答是:
class MyForm extends React.Component {
constructor() {
super();
this.handleSubmit = this.handleSubmit.bind(this);
}
handleSubmit(event) {
event.preventDefault();
const data = new FormData(event.target);
console.log(data.get('email')); // reference by form input's `name` tag
fetch('/api/form-submit-url', {
method: 'POST',
body: data,
});
}
render() {
return (
<form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
<label htmlFor="username">Enter username</label>
<input id="username" name="username" type="text" />
<label htmlFor="email">Enter your email</label>
<input id="email" name="email" type="email" />
<label htmlFor="birthdate">Enter your birth date</label>
<input id="birthdate" name="birthdate" type="text" />
<button>Send data!</button>
</form>
);
}
}
参见这篇Medium文章:如何用Just React处理表单
此方法仅在按下提交按钮时获取表单数据。我觉得干净多了!
我认为这也是你需要的答案。此外,我在这里添加了所需的属性。每个输入组件都是函数。你需要在这里加入你自己的逻辑。
handleEmailChange: function(e) {
this.setState({email: e.target.value});
},
handlePasswordChange: function(e) {
this.setState({password: e.target.value});
},
formSubmit : async function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
// Form submit Logic
},
render : function() {
return (
<form onSubmit={(e) => this.formSubmit(e)}>
<input type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email" value={this.state.email} onChange={this.handleEmailChange} required />
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" value={this.state.password} onChange={this.handlePasswordChange} required />
<button type="button">Login</button>
</form>);
},
handleLogin: function() {
//Login Function
}
有几种方法可以做到这一点:
1)通过索引从数组的表单元素中获取值
handleSubmit = (event) => {
event.preventDefault();
console.log(event.target[0].value)
}
2)在html中使用name属性
handleSubmit = (event) => {
event.preventDefault();
console.log(event.target.elements.username.value) // from elements property
console.log(event.target.username.value) // or directly
}
<input type="text" name="username"/>
3)使用裁判
handleSubmit = (event) => {
console.log(this.inputNode.value)
}
<input type="text" name="username" ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}/>
完整的示例
class NameForm extends React.Component {
handleSubmit = (event) => {
event.preventDefault()
console.log(event.target[0].value)
console.log(event.target.elements.username.value)
console.log(event.target.username.value)
console.log(this.inputNode.value)
}
render() {
return (
<form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}>
<label>
Name:
<input
type="text"
name="username"
ref={node => (this.inputNode = node)}
/>
</label>
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
)
}
}
对于那些不想使用ref和OnChange事件重置状态的人,你可以只使用简单的OnSubmit句柄和循环FormData对象。
注意,你不能直接访问formData.entries(),因为它是一个可迭代对象,你必须循环遍历它。
这个例子使用了React Hooks:
const LoginPage = () => {
const handleSubmit = (event) => {
const formData = new FormData(event.currentTarget);
event.preventDefault();
for (let [key, value] of formData.entries()) {
console.log(key, value);
}
};
return (
<div>
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Email" />
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
<button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>
</div>
);
};
如果你使用的是TypeScript:
export const LoginPage: React.FC<{}> = () => {
const handleSubmit: React.FormEventHandler<HTMLFormElement> = (event) => {
const formData = new FormData(event.currentTarget);
event.preventDefault();
for (let [key, value] of formData.entries()) {
console.log(key, value);
}
};
return (
<div>
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Email" />
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" />
<button type="submit">Login</button>
</form>
</div>
);
};
如果元素名多次出现,则必须使用forEach()。
html
<input type="checkbox" name="delete" id="flizzit" />
<input type="checkbox" name="delete" id="floo" />
<input type="checkbox" name="delete" id="flum" />
<input type="submit" value="Save" onClick={evt => saveAction(evt)}></input>
js
const submitAction = (evt) => {
evt.preventDefault();
const dels = evt.target.parentElement.delete;
const deleted = [];
dels.forEach((d) => { if (d.checked) deleted.push(d.id); });
window.alert(deleted.length);
};
注意,本例中的dels是RadioNodeList,而不是数组,也不是Iterable。forEach()是列表类的内置方法。这里不能使用map()或reduce()。