使用聚合函数和$project获取文档中的特定对象字段

db.getCollection('geolocations').aggregate([ { $project : { geolocation : 1} } ])

结果:

{
    "_id" : ObjectId("5e3ee15968879c0d5942464b"),
    "geolocation" : [ 
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("5e3ee3ee68879c0d5942465e"),
            "latitude" : 12.9718313,
            "longitude" : 77.593551,
            "country" : "India",
            "city" : "Chennai",
            "zipcode" : "560001",
            "streetName" : "Sidney Road",
            "countryCode" : "in",
            "ip" : "116.75.115.248",
            "date" : ISODate("2020-02-08T16:38:06.584Z")
        }
    ]
}

虽然这个问题是9.6年前问的，但这对很多人都有很大的帮助，我就是其中之一。感谢大家的提问、提示和回答。从这里的一个答案中…我发现下面的方法也可以用来投影父文档中的其他字段。这可能对某些人有帮助。

对于下面的文档，需要查明员工(emp #7839)是否将其休假历史设置为2020年。休假历史记录被实现为父雇员文档中的嵌入式文档。

db.employees.find( {"leave_history.calendar_year": 2020}, 
    {leave_history: {$elemMatch: {calendar_year: 2020}},empno:true,ename:true}).pretty()


{
        "_id" : ObjectId("5e907ad23997181dde06e8fc"),
        "empno" : 7839,
        "ename" : "KING",
        "mgrno" : 0,
        "hiredate" : "1990-05-09",
        "sal" : 100000,
        "deptno" : {
                "_id" : ObjectId("5e9065f53997181dde06e8f8")
        },
        "username" : "none",
        "password" : "none",
        "is_admin" : "N",
        "is_approver" : "Y",
        "is_manager" : "Y",
        "user_role" : "AP",
        "admin_approval_received" : "Y",
        "active" : "Y",
        "created_date" : "2020-04-10",
        "updated_date" : "2020-04-10",
        "application_usage_log" : [
                {
                        "logged_in_as" : "AP",
                        "log_in_date" : "2020-04-10"
                },
                {
                        "logged_in_as" : "EM",
                        "log_in_date" : ISODate("2020-04-16T07:28:11.959Z")
                }
        ],
        "leave_history" : [
                {
                        "calendar_year" : 2020,
                        "pl_used" : 0,
                        "cl_used" : 0,
                        "sl_used" : 0
                },
                {
                        "calendar_year" : 2021,
                        "pl_used" : 0,
                        "cl_used" : 0,
                        "sl_used" : 0
                }
        ]
}

与$project一起，其他明智的匹配元素将与文档中的其他元素组合在一起。

db.test.aggregate(
  { "$unwind" : "$shapes" },
  { "$match" : { "shapes.color": "red" } },
  { 
    "$project": {
      "_id":1,
      "item":1
    }
  }
)

mongodb中的find语法是

    db.<collection name>.find(query, projection);

你写的第二个查询

    db.test.find(
    {shapes: {"$elemMatch": {color: "red"}}}, 
    {"shapes.color":1})

在这里，你已经在查询部分使用了$elemMatch操作符，而如果你在投影部分使用这个操作符，那么你将得到想要的结果。您可以将您的查询写成

     db.users.find(
     {"shapes.color":"red"},
     {_id:0, shapes: {$elemMatch : {color: "red"}}})

这会给你想要的结果。

更多细节请参考=

Mongo db官方参考

suppose you have document like this (you can have multiple document too) - { "_id": { "$oid": "63b5cfbfbcc3196a2a23c44b" }, "results": [ { "yearOfRelease": "2022", "imagePath": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d4/The_Kashmir_Files_poster.jpg", "title": "The Kashmir Files", "overview": "Krishna endeavours to uncover the reason behind his parents' brutal killings in Kashmir. He is shocked to uncover a web of lies and conspiracies in connection with the massive genocide.", "originalLanguage": "hi", "imdbRating": "8.3", "isbookMark": null, "originCountry": "india", "productionHouse": [ "Zee Studios" ], "_id": { "$oid": "63b5cfbfbcc3196a2a23c44c" } }, { "yearOfRelease": "2022", "imagePath": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a9/Black_Adam_%28film%29_poster.jpg", "title": "Black Adam", "overview": "In ancient Kahndaq, Teth Adam was bestowed the almighty powers of the gods. After using these powers for vengeance, he was imprisoned, becoming Black Adam. Nearly 5,000 years have passed, and Black Adam has gone from man to myth to legend. Now free, his unique form of justice, born out of rage, is challenged by modern-day heroes who form the Justice Society: Hawkman, Dr. Fate, Atom Smasher and Cyclone", "originalLanguage": "en", "imdbRating": "8.3", "isbookMark": null, "originCountry": "United States of America", "productionHouse": [ "DC Comics" ], "_id": { "$oid": "63b5cfbfbcc3196a2a23c44d" } }, { "yearOfRelease": "2022", "imagePath": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/09/The_Sea_Beast_film_poster.png", "title": "The Sea Beast", "overview": "A young girl stows away on the ship of a legendary sea monster hunter, turning his life upside down as they venture into uncharted waters.", "originalLanguage": "en", "imdbRating": "7.1", "isbookMark": null, "originCountry": "United States Canada", "productionHouse": [ "Netflix Animation" ], "_id": { "$oid": "63b5cfbfbcc3196a2a23c44e" } }, { "yearOfRelease": "2021", "imagePath": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7d/Hum_Do_Hamare_Do_poster.jpg", "title": "Hum Do Hamare Do", "overview": "Dhruv, who grew up an orphan, is in love with a woman who wishes to marry someone with a family. In order to fulfil his lover's wish, he hires two older individuals to pose as his parents.", "originalLanguage": "hi", "imdbRating": "6.0", "isbookMark": null, "originCountry": "india", "productionHouse": [ "Maddock Films" ], "_id": { "$oid": "63b5cfbfbcc3196a2a23c44f" } }, { "yearOfRelease": "2021", "imagePath": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/74/Shang-Chi_and_the_Legend_of_the_Ten_Rings_poster.jpeg", "title": "Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings", "overview": "Shang-Chi, a martial artist, lives a quiet life after he leaves his father and the shadowy Ten Rings organisation behind. Years later, he is forced to confront his past when the Ten Rings attack him.", "originalLanguage": "en", "imdbRating": "7.4", "isbookMark": null, "originCountry": "United States of America", "productionHouse": [ "Marvel Entertainment" ], "_id": { "$oid": "63b5cfbfbcc3196a2a23c450" } } ], "__v": 0 } ======= mongo db query by aggregate command - mongomodels.movieMainPageSchema.aggregate( [ { $project: { _id:0, // to supress id results: { $filter: { input: "$results", as: "result", cond: { $eq: [ "$$result.yearOfRelease", "2022" ] } } } } } ] )

注意:这个答案提供的解决方案在当时是相关的，在MongoDB 2.2及更高版本的新特性引入之前。如果您使用的是最新版本的MongoDB，请参阅其他答案。

字段选择器参数仅限于完整的属性。它不能用于选择数组的一部分，只能用于选择整个数组。我尝试使用$ positional操作符，但这不起作用。

最简单的方法是在客户端中过滤形状。

如果你真的需要直接从MongoDB得到正确的输出，你可以使用map-reduce来过滤形状。

function map() {
  filteredShapes = [];

  this.shapes.forEach(function (s) {
    if (s.color === "red") {
      filteredShapes.push(s);
    }
  });

  emit(this._id, { shapes: filteredShapes });
}

function reduce(key, values) {
  return values[0];
}

res = db.test.mapReduce(map, reduce, { query: { "shapes.color": "red" } })

db[res.result].find()