我已经知道apply和call是类似的函数,它们设置this(函数的上下文)。

区别在于我们发送参数的方式(manual vs array)

问题:

但是什么时候应该使用bind()方法呢?

var obj = {
  x: 81,
  getX: function() {
    return this.x;
  }
};

alert(obj.getX.bind(obj)());
alert(obj.getX.call(obj));
alert(obj.getX.apply(obj));

jsbin


当前回答

语法

呼叫(thisArg, arg1, arg2, .) (thisArg专心,argsArray) bind(thisArg[, arg1] [, arg2])

Here

thisArg是对象 argArray是一个数组对象 Arg1, arg2, arg3,…是额外的参数

function printBye(message1, message2){ console.log(message1 + " " + this.name + " "+ message2); } var par01 = { name:"John" }; var msgArray = ["Bye", "Never come again..."]; printBye.call(par01, "Bye", "Never come again..."); //Bye John Never come again... printBye.call(par01, msgArray); //Bye,Never come again... John undefined //so call() doesn't work with array and better with comma seperated parameters //printBye.apply(par01, "Bye", "Never come again...");//Error printBye.apply(par01, msgArray); //Bye John Never come again... var func1 = printBye.bind(par01, "Bye", "Never come again..."); func1();//Bye John Never come again... var func2 = printBye.bind(par01, msgArray); func2();//Bye,Never come again... John undefined //so bind() doesn't work with array and better with comma seperated parameters

其他回答

TL; diana:

简单地说,bind创建函数,调用和apply执行函数,而apply期望数组中的参数

完整的解释

假设有一个乘法函数

function multiplication(a,b){
console.log(a*b);
}

让我们使用bind创建一些标准函数

var multiby2 = multiplication.bind(this,2);

现在multiby2(b)等于乘法(2,b);

multiby2(3); //6
multiby2(4); //8

如果我在bind中传递两个参数会怎样

var getSixAlways = multiplication.bind(this,3,2);

现在getSixAlways()等于乘法(3,2);

getSixAlways();//6

即使传递参数也返回6; getSixAlways (12);/ / 6

var magicMultiplication = multiplication.bind(this);

这将创建一个新的乘法函数并将其分配给magic乘法。

哦,不,我们将乘法功能隐藏到magic乘法中。

调用 magic乘法返回一个空函数b()

在执行过程中,它运行良好 magicMultiplication (6 5);/ / 30

打电话申请怎么样?

magicMultiplication.call(这3 2);/ / 6

magicMultiplication.apply(这一点,[5,2]);/ / 10

它们都将其附加到函数(或对象)中,区别在于函数调用(见下文)。

Call将此附加到函数中并立即执行函数:

var person = {  
  name: "James Smith",
  hello: function(thing) {
    console.log(this.name + " says hello " + thing);
  }
}

person.hello("world");  // output: "James Smith says hello world"
person.hello.call({ name: "Jim Smith" }, "world"); // output: "Jim Smith says hello world"

Bind将它附加到函数中,需要像这样单独调用:

var person = {  
  name: "James Smith",
  hello: function(thing) {
    console.log(this.name + " says hello " + thing);
  }
}

person.hello("world");  // output: "James Smith says hello world"
var helloFunc = person.hello.bind({ name: "Jim Smith" });
helloFunc("world");  // output: Jim Smith says hello world"

或者像这样:

...    
var helloFunc = person.hello.bind({ name: "Jim Smith" }, "world");
helloFunc();  // output: Jim Smith says hello world"

Apply类似于call,只是它接受一个类似数组的对象,而不是一次列出一个参数:

function personContainer() {
  var person = {  
     name: "James Smith",
     hello: function() {
       console.log(this.name + " says hello " + arguments[1]);
     }
  }
  person.hello.apply(person, arguments);
}
personContainer("world", "mars"); // output: "James Smith says hello mars", note: arguments[0] = "world" , arguments[1] = "mars"                                     

在以后调用该函数时使用bind。apply和call都调用函数。

Bind()还允许将附加的参数挂在args数组上。

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_objects/Function/bind

语法

呼叫(thisArg, arg1, arg2, .) (thisArg专心,argsArray) bind(thisArg[, arg1] [, arg2])

Here

thisArg是对象 argArray是一个数组对象 Arg1, arg2, arg3,…是额外的参数

function printBye(message1, message2){ console.log(message1 + " " + this.name + " "+ message2); } var par01 = { name:"John" }; var msgArray = ["Bye", "Never come again..."]; printBye.call(par01, "Bye", "Never come again..."); //Bye John Never come again... printBye.call(par01, msgArray); //Bye,Never come again... John undefined //so call() doesn't work with array and better with comma seperated parameters //printBye.apply(par01, "Bye", "Never come again...");//Error printBye.apply(par01, msgArray); //Bye John Never come again... var func1 = printBye.bind(par01, "Bye", "Never come again..."); func1();//Bye John Never come again... var func2 = printBye.bind(par01, msgArray); func2();//Bye,Never come again... John undefined //so bind() doesn't work with array and better with comma seperated parameters

最简单形式的答案

调用函数并允许您逐个传入参数 一个。 Apply调用函数并允许传入参数 作为一个数组。 Bind返回一个新函数,允许传入 此数组和任意数量的参数。


应用、调用和绑定示例

Call

var person1 = {firstName: 'Jon', lastName: 'Kuperman'};
var person2 = {firstName: 'Kelly', lastName: 'King'};

function say(greeting) {
    console.log(greeting + ' ' + this.firstName + ' ' + this.lastName);
}

say.call(person1, 'Hello'); // Hello Jon Kuperman
say.call(person2, 'Hello'); // Hello Kelly King

应用

var person1 = {firstName: 'Jon', lastName: 'Kuperman'};
var person2 = {firstName: 'Kelly', lastName: 'King'};

function say(greeting) {
    console.log(greeting + ' ' + this.firstName + ' ' + this.lastName);
}

say.apply(person1, ['Hello']); // Hello Jon Kuperman
say.apply(person2, ['Hello']); // Hello Kelly King

Bind

var person1 = {firstName: 'Jon', lastName: 'Kuperman'};
var person2 = {firstName: 'Kelly', lastName: 'King'};

function say() {
    console.log('Hello ' + this.firstName + ' ' + this.lastName);
}

var sayHelloJon = say.bind(person1);
var sayHelloKelly = say.bind(person2);

sayHelloJon(); // Hello Jon Kuperman
sayHelloKelly(); // Hello Kelly King

什么时候使用

Call和apply是可以互换的。只需要决定发送一个数组还是一个以逗号分隔的参数列表更容易。

我总是记住哪个是哪个,记住Call是为逗号(分隔列表)和Apply是为数组。

Bind有点不同。它返回一个新函数。Call和Apply立即执行当前函数。

Bind对很多事情都很有用。我们可以像上面的例子一样使用它来curry函数。我们可以使用一个简单的hello函数,并将其转换为helloJon或helloKelly。我们也可以将它用于像onClick这样的事件,我们不知道它们什么时候会被触发,但我们知道我们想让它们拥有什么上下文。

参考:codeplanet.io