如何启动一个进程(如bat文件，perl脚本，控制台程序)并在windows窗体上显示其标准输出:

processCaller = new ProcessCaller(this);
//processCaller.FileName = @"..\..\hello.bat";
processCaller.FileName = @"commandline.exe";
processCaller.Arguments = "";
processCaller.StdErrReceived += new DataReceivedHandler(writeStreamInfo);
processCaller.StdOutReceived += new DataReceivedHandler(writeStreamInfo);
processCaller.Completed += new EventHandler(processCompletedOrCanceled);
processCaller.Cancelled += new EventHandler(processCompletedOrCanceled);
// processCaller.Failed += no event handler for this one, yet.

this.richTextBox1.Text = "Started function.  Please stand by.." + Environment.NewLine;

// the following function starts a process and returns immediately,
// thus allowing the form to stay responsive.
processCaller.Start();    

您可以在以下链接中找到ProcessCaller:启动进程并显示其标准输出

process不是最令人愉快的工作方式，因此您可能想尝试CliWrap。它为处理输出提供了许多不同的模型，包括管道、缓冲和实时流。下面是一些例子(摘自自述)。

简单地启动一个命令行可执行文件:

using CliWrap;

var result = await Cli.Wrap("path/to/exe")
    .WithArguments("--foo bar")
    .WithWorkingDirectory("work/dir/path")
    .ExecuteAsync();
    
// Result contains:
// -- result.ExitCode        (int)
// -- result.StartTime       (DateTimeOffset)
// -- result.ExitTime        (DateTimeOffset)
// -- result.RunTime         (TimeSpan)

启动一个命令行可执行文件，并在内存中缓冲stdout/stderr:

using CliWrap;
using CliWrap.Buffered;

// Calling `ExecuteBufferedAsync()` instead of `ExecuteAsync()`
// implicitly configures pipes that write to in-memory buffers.
var result = await Cli.Wrap("path/to/exe")
    .WithArguments("--foo bar")
    .WithWorkingDirectory("work/dir/path")
    .ExecuteBufferedAsync();

// Result contains:
// -- result.StandardOutput  (string)
// -- result.StandardError   (string)
// -- result.ExitCode        (int)
// -- result.StartTime       (DateTimeOffset)
// -- result.ExitTime        (DateTimeOffset)
// -- result.RunTime         (TimeSpan)

使用手动管道配置启动命令行可执行文件:

using CliWrap

var buffer = new StringBuilder();

var result = await Cli.Wrap("foo")
    .WithStandardOutputPipe(PipeTarget.ToFile("output.txt"))
    .WithStandardErrorPipe(PipeTarget.ToStringBuilder(buffer))
    .ExecuteAsync();

作为事件流启动命令行可执行文件:

using CliWrap;
using CliWrap.EventStream;

var cmd = Cli.Wrap("foo").WithArguments("bar");

await foreach (var cmdEvent in cmd.ListenAsync())
{
    switch (cmdEvent)
    {
        case StartedCommandEvent started:
            _output.WriteLine($"Process started; ID: {started.ProcessId}");
            break;
        case StandardOutputCommandEvent stdOut:
            _output.WriteLine($"Out> {stdOut.Text}");
            break;
        case StandardErrorCommandEvent stdErr:
            _output.WriteLine($"Err> {stdErr.Text}");
            break;
        case ExitedCommandEvent exited:
            _output.WriteLine($"Process exited; Code: {exited.ExitCode}");
            break;
    }
}

好吧，对于任何想要读取错误和输出，但得到任何解决方案死锁的人，在其他答案中提供(像我)，这里是一个解决方案，我在阅读MSDN对StandardOutput属性的解释后构建的。

答案是基于T30的代码:

static void runCommand()
{
    //* Create your Process
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR";
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    //* Set ONLY ONE handler here.
    process.ErrorDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(ErrorOutputHandler);
    //* Start process
    process.Start();
    //* Read one element asynchronously
    process.BeginErrorReadLine();
    //* Read the other one synchronously
    string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(output);
    process.WaitForExit();
}

static void ErrorOutputHandler(object sendingProcess, DataReceivedEventArgs outLine) 
{
    //* Do your stuff with the output (write to console/log/StringBuilder)
    Console.WriteLine(outLine.Data);
}

您可以同步或异步地处理输出。

1. 同步的例子

static void runCommand()
{
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR"; // Note the /c command (*)
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    process.Start();
    //* Read the output (or the error)
    string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(output);
    string err = process.StandardError.ReadToEnd();
    Console.WriteLine(err);
    process.WaitForExit();
}

注意，最好同时处理输出和错误:它们必须分别处理。

(*)对于某些命令(这里是StartInfo.Arguments)，你必须添加/c指令，否则进程会在WaitForExit()中冻结。

2. 异步的例子

static void runCommand() 
{
    //* Create your Process
    Process process = new Process();
    process.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
    process.StartInfo.Arguments = "/c DIR";
    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
    //* Set your output and error (asynchronous) handlers
    process.OutputDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OutputHandler);
    process.ErrorDataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OutputHandler);
    //* Start process and handlers
    process.Start();
    process.BeginOutputReadLine();
    process.BeginErrorReadLine();
    process.WaitForExit();
}

static void OutputHandler(object sendingProcess, DataReceivedEventArgs outLine) 
{
    //* Do your stuff with the output (write to console/log/StringBuilder)
    Console.WriteLine(outLine.Data);
}

如果你不需要对输出做复杂的操作，你可以绕过OutputHandler方法，只需直接内联添加处理程序:

//* Set your output and error (asynchronous) handlers
process.OutputDataReceived += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine(e.Data);
process.ErrorDataReceived += (s, e) => Console.WriteLine(e.Data);

在win和linux中为我工作的解决方案如下

// GET api/values
        [HttpGet("cifrado/{xml}")]
        public ActionResult<IEnumerable<string>> Cifrado(String xml)
        {
            String nombreXML = DateTime.Now.ToString("ddMMyyyyhhmmss").ToString();
            String archivo = "/app/files/"+nombreXML + ".XML";
            String comando = " --armor --recipient bibankingprd@bi.com.gt  --encrypt " + archivo;
            try{
                System.IO.File.WriteAllText(archivo, xml);                
                //String comando = "C:\\GnuPG\\bin\\gpg.exe --recipient licorera@local.com --armor --encrypt C:\\Users\\Administrador\\Documents\\pruebas\\nuevo.xml ";
                ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new ProcessStartInfo() {FileName = "/usr/bin/gpg",  Arguments = comando }; 
                Process proc = new Process() { StartInfo = startInfo, };
                proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
                proc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
                proc.Start();
                proc.WaitForExit();
                Console.WriteLine(proc.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd());
                return new string[] { "Archivo encriptado", archivo + " - "+ comando};
            }catch (Exception exception){
                return new string[] { archivo, "exception: "+exception.ToString() + " - "+ comando };
            }
        }

您可以使用以下代码记录流程输出:

ProcessStartInfo pinfo = new ProcessStartInfo(item);
pinfo.CreateNoWindow = false;
pinfo.UseShellExecute = true;
pinfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
pinfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;
pinfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
pinfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Normal;
var p = Process.Start(pinfo);
p.WaitForExit();
Process process = Process.Start(new ProcessStartInfo((item + '>' + item + ".txt"))
{
    UseShellExecute = false,
    RedirectStandardOutput = true
});
process.WaitForExit();
string output = process.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();
if (process.ExitCode != 0) { 
}