是否可以在JavaScript中以编程方式模拟按键事件?


当前回答

js全屏切换方法的最佳方法:

function toggleFullScreen() {
      if (!document.fullscreenElement) {
        document.documentElement.requestFullscreen();
      } else if (document.exitFullscreen) {
        document.exitFullscreen();
      }
}

其他回答

这种方法支持跨浏览器更改键代码的值。 源

var $textBox = $("#myTextBox");

var press = jQuery.Event("keypress");
press.altGraphKey = false;
press.altKey = false;
press.bubbles = true;
press.cancelBubble = false;
press.cancelable = true;
press.charCode = 13;
press.clipboardData = undefined;
press.ctrlKey = false;
press.currentTarget = $textBox[0];
press.defaultPrevented = false;
press.detail = 0;
press.eventPhase = 2;
press.keyCode = 13;
press.keyIdentifier = "";
press.keyLocation = 0;
press.layerX = 0;
press.layerY = 0;
press.metaKey = false;
press.pageX = 0;
press.pageY = 0;
press.returnValue = true;
press.shiftKey = false;
press.srcElement = $textBox[0];
press.target = $textBox[0];
press.type = "keypress";
press.view = Window;
press.which = 13;

$textBox.trigger(press);

你可以在EventTarget(元素,窗口,文档等)上分派键盘事件,如下所示:

element.dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent('keydown', {'key': 'a'}));

但是,dispatchEvent可能不会更新输入字段值,也可能不会触发常规键盘按下的行为,这可能是因为Event的原因。itrusted property,我不知道是否有办法绕过

但是你也可以通过设置输入值来改变输入。

element.value += "a";

例子:

let element = document.querySelector('input'); 元素。Onkeydown = e =>警报(e.key); changeValButton。Onclick =() =>元素。Value += "a"; dispatchButton。Onclick = () => { 元素。dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent('keydown', {'key': 'a'})); } <输入/ > <button id="dispatchButton">按下分派事件</button> <button id="changeValButton">按下按钮更改值</button> . </button id="changeValButton">


您可以根据需要向事件添加更多属性,如本答案所示。看一下KeyboardEvent文档

element.dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent("keydown", {
    key: "e",
    keyCode: 69, // example values.
    code: "KeyE", // put everything you need in this object.
    which: 69,
    shiftKey: false, // you don't need to include values
    ctrlKey: false,  // if you aren't going to use them.
    metaKey: false   // these are here for example's sake.
}));

    

此外,由于keypress已弃用,您可以使用keydown + keyup,例如:

element.dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent('keydown', {'key':'Shift'} ));
element.dispatchEvent(new KeyboardEvent( 'keyup' , {'key':'Shift'} ));

对于使用ReactJS的页面,这是一个尝试模拟键盘行为的线程

截至2019年,这个解决方案对我来说是有效的:

document.dispatchEvent(
  new KeyboardEvent("keydown", {
    key: "e",
    keyCode: 69, // example values.
    code: "KeyE", // put everything you need in this object.
    which: 69,
    shiftKey: false, // you don't need to include values
    ctrlKey: false,  // if you aren't going to use them.
    metaKey: false   // these are here for example's sake.
  })
);

为了支持带有模拟键盘的移动设备,我在自己的浏览器游戏中使用了这种方法。

澄清:这段代码分派一个keydown事件,而真正的按键将触发一个keydown事件(如果按住时间较长,则会触发多个keydown事件),然后在释放该键时触发一个keyup事件。如果您也需要keyup事件,也可以通过在代码片段中将“keydown”更改为“keyup”来模拟keyup事件。

这也会将事件发送到整个网页,也就是文档。如果只希望特定元素接收事件,可以用document代替所需元素。

你可以使用dispatchEvent():

function simulateKeyPress() {
  var evt = document.createEvent("KeyboardEvent");
  evt.initKeyboardEvent("keypress", true, true, window,
                    0, 0, 0, 0,
                    0, "e".charCodeAt(0))
  var body = document.body;
  var canceled = !body.dispatchEvent(evt);
  if(canceled) {
    // A handler called preventDefault
    alert("canceled");
  } else {
    // None of the handlers called preventDefault
    alert("not canceled");
  }
}

我没有对此进行测试,但它改编自dispatchEvent()文档中的代码。您可能需要通读这些文档,以及createEvent()和initKeyEvent()的文档。

一个非jquery版本,工作在webkit和gecko:

var keyboardEvent = document.createEvent('KeyboardEvent'); var initMethod = typeof keyboardEvent.initKeyboardEvent !== 'undefined' ? 'initKeyboardEvent' : 'initKeyEvent'; keyboardEvent[initMethod]( 'keydown', // event type: keydown, keyup, keypress true, // bubbles true, // cancelable window, // view: should be window false, // ctrlKey false, // altKey false, // shiftKey false, // metaKey 40, // keyCode: unsigned long - the virtual key code, else 0 0, // charCode: unsigned long - the Unicode character associated with the depressed key, else 0 ); document.dispatchEvent(keyboardEvent);