也许你正在寻找没有构造函数的struct:

class Sample:
  name = ''
  average = 0.0
  values = None # list cannot be initialized here!


s1 = Sample()
s1.name = "sample 1"
s1.values = []
s1.values.append(1)
s1.values.append(2)
s1.values.append(3)

s2 = Sample()
s2.name = "sample 2"
s2.values = []
s2.values.append(4)

for v in s1.values:   # prints 1,2,3 --> OK.
  print v
print "***"
for v in s2.values:   # prints 4 --> OK.
  print v

下面结构的解决方案是受namedtuple实现和前面一些答案的启发。然而，与namedtuple不同的是，它的值是可变的，但就像c风格的结构体在名称/属性中是不可变的，而普通的类或dict不是。

_class_template = """\
class {typename}:
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    fields = {field_names!r}

    for x in fields:
        setattr(self, x, None)            

    for name, value in zip(fields, args):
        setattr(self, name, value)

    for name, value in kwargs.items():
        setattr(self, name, value)            

def __repr__(self):
    return str(vars(self))

def __setattr__(self, name, value):
    if name not in {field_names!r}:
        raise KeyError("invalid name: %s" % name)
    object.__setattr__(self, name, value)            
"""

def struct(typename, field_names):

    class_definition = _class_template.format(
        typename = typename,
        field_names = field_names)

    namespace = dict(__name__='struct_%s' % typename)
    exec(class_definition, namespace)
    result = namespace[typename]
    result._source = class_definition

    return result

用法:

Person = struct('Person', ['firstname','lastname'])
generic = Person()
michael = Person('Michael')
jones = Person(lastname = 'Jones')


In [168]: michael.middlename = 'ben'
Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-168-b31c393c0d67>", line 1, in <module>
michael.middlename = 'ben'

  File "<string>", line 19, in __setattr__

KeyError: 'invalid name: middlename'

有一个python包正是用于此目的。看到cstruct2py

cstruct2py是一个纯python库，用于从C代码生成python类，并使用它们来打包和解包数据。该库可以解析C头文件(结构体、联合、枚举和数组声明)，并在python中模拟它们。生成的python类可以解析和打包数据。

例如:

typedef struct {
  int x;
  int y;
} Point;

after generating pythonic class...
p = Point(x=0x1234, y=0x5678)
p.packed == "\x34\x12\x00\x00\x78\x56\x00\x00"

如何使用

首先，我们需要生成python结构体:

import cstruct2py
parser = cstruct2py.c2py.Parser()
parser.parse_file('examples/example.h')

现在我们可以从C代码中导入所有的名称:

parser.update_globals(globals())

我们也可以直接这样做:

A = parser.parse_string('struct A { int x; int y;};')

使用C代码中的类型和定义

a = A()
a.x = 45
print a
buf = a.packed
b = A(buf)
print b
c = A('aaaa11112222', 2)
print c
print repr(c)

输出将是:

{'x':0x2d, 'y':0x0}
{'x':0x2d, 'y':0x0}
{'x':0x31316161, 'y':0x32323131}
A('aa111122', x=0x31316161, y=0x32323131)

克隆

对于克隆cstruct2py运行:

git clone https://github.com/st0ky/cstruct2py.git --recursive

我还想添加一个使用插槽的解决方案:

class Point:
    __slots__ = ["x", "y"]
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

Definitely check the documentation for slots but a quick explanation of slots is that it is python's way of saying: "If you can lock these attributes and only these attributes into the class such that you commit that you will not add any new attributes once the class is instantiated (yes you can add new attributes to a class instance, see example below) then I will do away with the large memory allocation that allows for adding new attributes to a class instance and use just what I need for these slotted attributes".

添加属性到类实例的例子(因此不使用插槽):

class Point:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

p1 = Point(3,5)
p1.z = 8
print(p1.z)

输出:8

尝试向使用插槽的类实例添加属性的示例:

class Point:
    __slots__ = ["x", "y"]
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

p1 = Point(3,5)
p1.z = 8

'Point'对象没有属性'z'

这可以有效地作为结构体工作，并且比类使用更少的内存(就像结构体一样，尽管我没有研究具体有多少内存)。如果要创建对象的大量实例且不需要添加属性，建议使用slot。点对象就是一个很好的例子，因为很可能会实例化许多点来描述一个数据集。

我能想到的最干净的方法是使用一个类装饰器，它可以让你声明一个静态类，并将其重写为一个具有正常命名属性的结构体:

from as_struct import struct

@struct
class Product():
    name = 'unknown product'
    quantity = -1
    sku = '-'

# create instance
p = Product('plush toy', sku='12-345-6789')

# check content:
p.name     # plush toy
p.quantity # -1 
p.sku      # 12-345-6789

使用以下装饰器代码:

def struct(struct_class):
    # create a new init
    def struct_init(self, *args, **kwargs):
        i = 0 # we really don't need enumerate() here...
        for value in args:
            name = member_names[i]
            default_value = member_values[i]
            setattr(self, name, value if value is not None else default_value)
            i += 1 # ...we just need to inc an int
        for key,value in kwargs.items():
            i = member_names.index(key)
            default_value = member_values[i]
            setattr(self, key, value if value is not None else default_value)
    # extract the struct members
    member_names = []
    member_values = []
    for attr_name in dir(struct_class):
        if not attr_name.startswith('_'):
            value = getattr(struct_class, attr_name)
            if not callable(value):
                member_names.append(attr_name)
                member_values.append(value)
    # rebind and return
    struct_class.init = struct_init
    return struct_class

它的工作原理是获取类，提取字段名及其默认值，然后重写类的__init__函数，根据知道哪个参数索引映射到哪个属性名来设置self属性。

这里的一些答案非常详尽。我找到的最简单的选项是(from: http://norvig.com/python-iaq.html):)

class Struct:
    "A structure that can have any fields defined."
    def __init__(self, **entries): self.__dict__.update(entries)

初始化:

>>> options = Struct(answer=42, linelen=80, font='courier')
>>> options.answer
42

添加更多的:

>>> options.cat = "dog"
>>> options.cat
dog

编辑:对不起，没有看到这个例子已经进一步。