在我看来，解决这个问题的最佳来源是这个网站上发布的内容:

Syscomments。Dinakar Nethi

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fnParseArray (@Array VARCHAR(1000),@separator CHAR(1))
RETURNS @T Table (col1 varchar(50))
AS 
BEGIN
 --DECLARE @T Table (col1 varchar(50))  
 -- @Array is the array we wish to parse
 -- @Separator is the separator charactor such as a comma
 DECLARE @separator_position INT -- This is used to locate each separator character
 DECLARE @array_value VARCHAR(1000) -- this holds each array value as it is returned
 -- For my loop to work I need an extra separator at the end. I always look to the
 -- left of the separator character for each array value

 SET @array = @array + @separator

 -- Loop through the string searching for separtor characters
 WHILE PATINDEX('%' + @separator + '%', @array) <> 0 
 BEGIN
    -- patindex matches the a pattern against a string
    SELECT @separator_position = PATINDEX('%' + @separator + '%',@array)
    SELECT @array_value = LEFT(@array, @separator_position - 1)
    -- This is where you process the values passed.
    INSERT into @T VALUES (@array_value)    
    -- Replace this select statement with your processing
    -- @array_value holds the value of this element of the array
    -- This replaces what we just processed with and empty string
    SELECT @array = STUFF(@array, 1, @separator_position, '')
 END
 RETURN 
END

Use:

SELECT * FROM dbo.fnParseArray('a,b,c,d,e,f', ',')

致谢:Dinakar Nethi

有一个很好的、简单的、经过测试的方法:

/* Create table-value string: */
CREATE TYPE [String_List] AS TABLE ([Your_String_Element] varchar(max) PRIMARY KEY);
GO
/* Create procedure which takes this table as parameter: */

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_ListCheck]
@String_List_In [String_List] READONLY  
AS   
SELECT a.*
FROM [dbo].[Tags] a
JOIN @String_List_In b ON a.[Name] = b.[Your_String_Element];

我已经开始使用这种方法来修复实体框架的问题(对于我们的应用程序来说不够健壮)。所以我们决定给Dapper(和Stack一样)一个机会。还指定您的字符串列表为表与PK列修复您的执行计划很多。 这是一篇关于如何将一个表转换为Dapper的好文章——都是快速而干净的。

对于这样数量可变的参数，我所知道的唯一方法是显式地生成SQL，或者做一些涉及用所需项填充临时表并与临时表连接的事情。

这是一个可重复使用的变化的解决方案在马克托罗特的优秀答案。

扩展方法:

public static class ParameterExtensions
{
    public static Tuple<string, SqlParameter[]> ToParameterTuple<T>(this IEnumerable<T> values)
    {
        var createName = new Func<int, string>(index => "@value" + index.ToString());
        var paramTuples = values.Select((value, index) => 
        new Tuple<string, SqlParameter>(createName(index), new SqlParameter(createName(index), value))).ToArray();
        var inClause = string.Join(",", paramTuples.Select(t => t.Item1));
        var parameters = paramTuples.Select(t => t.Item2).ToArray();
        return new Tuple<string, SqlParameter[]>(inClause, parameters);
    }
}

用法:

        string[] tags = {"ruby", "rails", "scruffy", "rubyonrails"};
        var paramTuple = tags.ToParameterTuple();
        var cmdText = $"SELECT * FROM Tags WHERE Name IN ({paramTuple.Item1})";

        using (var cmd = new SqlCommand(cmdText))
        {
            cmd.Parameters.AddRange(paramTuple.Item2);
        }

对于SQL Server 2008，可以使用表值参数。这有点麻烦，但可以说比我的其他方法更干净。

首先，您必须创建一个类型

CREATE TYPE dbo.TagNamesTableType AS TABLE ( Name nvarchar(50) )

然后，你的ADO。NET代码如下所示:

string[] tags = new string[] { "ruby", "rails", "scruffy", "rubyonrails" };
cmd.CommandText = "SELECT Tags.* FROM Tags JOIN @tagNames as P ON Tags.Name = P.Name";

// value must be IEnumerable<SqlDataRecord>
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@tagNames", tags.AsSqlDataRecord("Name")).SqlDbType = SqlDbType.Structured;
cmd.Parameters["@tagNames"].TypeName = "dbo.TagNamesTableType";

// Extension method for converting IEnumerable<string> to IEnumerable<SqlDataRecord>
public static IEnumerable<SqlDataRecord> AsSqlDataRecord(this IEnumerable<string> values, string columnName) {
    if (values == null || !values.Any()) return null; // Annoying, but SqlClient wants null instead of 0 rows
    var firstRecord = values.First();
    var metadata= new SqlMetaData(columnName, SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50); //50 as per SQL Type
    return values.Select(v => 
    {
       var r = new SqlDataRecord(metadata);
       r.SetValues(v);
       return r;
    });
}

更新 根据@Doug

请尽量避免var metadata = SqlMetaData。InferFromValue (firstRecord columnName);

它设置了第一个值的长度，所以如果第一个值是3个字符，那么它设置的最大长度为3，如果超过3个字符，其他记录将被截断。

因此，请尝试使用:var metadata= new SqlMetaData(columnName, SqlDbType. xml)。NVarChar maxLen);

注意:最大长度为-1。

如果你有SQL Server 2008或更高版本，我会使用表值参数。

如果你不幸被困在SQL Server 2005上，你可以添加这样一个CLR函数，

[SqlFunction(
    DataAccessKind.None,
    IsDeterministic = true,
    SystemDataAccess = SystemDataAccessKind.None,
    IsPrecise = true,
    FillRowMethodName = "SplitFillRow",
    TableDefinintion = "s NVARCHAR(MAX)"]
public static IEnumerable Split(SqlChars seperator, SqlString s)
{
    if (s.IsNull)
        return new string[0];

    return s.ToString().Split(seperator.Buffer);
}

public static void SplitFillRow(object row, out SqlString s)
{
    s = new SqlString(row.ToString());
}

你可以这样用，

declare @desiredTags nvarchar(MAX);
set @desiredTags = 'ruby,rails,scruffy,rubyonrails';

select * from Tags
where Name in [dbo].[Split] (',', @desiredTags)
order by Count desc