当我在一个Java应用程序中工作时,我最近需要组装一个以逗号分隔的值列表,以传递给另一个web服务,而不知道预先会有多少个元素。我能想到的最好的是这样的:

public String appendWithDelimiter( String original, String addition, String delimiter ) {
    if ( original.equals( "" ) ) {
        return addition;
    } else {
        return original + delimiter + addition;
    }
}

String parameterString = "";
if ( condition ) parameterString = appendWithDelimiter( parameterString, "elementName", "," );
if ( anotherCondition ) parameterString = appendWithDelimiter( parameterString, "anotherElementName", "," );

我意识到这不是特别有效,因为到处都在创建字符串,但我追求的是清晰而不是优化。

在Ruby中,我可以这样做,这感觉要优雅得多:

parameterArray = [];
parameterArray << "elementName" if condition;
parameterArray << "anotherElementName" if anotherCondition;
parameterString = parameterArray.join(",");

但是由于Java缺少join命令,我找不到任何等价的命令。

那么,在Java中最好的方法是什么呢?


当前回答

对于那些在Spring上下文中的人来说,他们的StringUtils类也很有用:

有很多有用的快捷方式,比如:

科尔collectionToCommaDelimitedString(收藏) 收集字符串(收集科尔,字符串) 弦(对象[]arr,弦delim)

还有很多其他的。

如果您还没有使用Java 8,并且已经在Spring上下文中,这将很有帮助。

对于Collection的支持,我更喜欢它而不是Apache Commons(尽管也很好),像这样更容易:

// Encoding Set<String> to String delimited 
String asString = org.springframework.util.StringUtils.collectionToDelimitedString(codes, ";");

// Decoding String delimited to Set
Set<String> collection = org.springframework.util.StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToSet(asString);

其他回答

你可以尝试这样做:

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (condition) { sb.append("elementName").append(","); }
if (anotherCondition) { sb.append("anotherElementName").append(","); }
String parameterString = sb.toString();

如果您的代码不是线程化的,您应该使用StringBuilder,而不是使用字符串连接,如果是线程化的,则应该使用StringBuffer。

//Note: if you have access to Java5+, 
//use StringBuilder in preference to StringBuffer.  
//All that has to be replaced is the class name.  
//StringBuffer will work in Java 1.4, though.

appendWithDelimiter( StringBuffer buffer, String addition, 
    String delimiter ) {
    if ( buffer.length() == 0) {
        buffer.append(addition);
    } else {
        buffer.append(delimiter);
        buffer.append(addition);
    }
}


StringBuffer parameterBuffer = new StringBuffer();
if ( condition ) { 
    appendWithDelimiter(parameterBuffer, "elementName", "," );
}
if ( anotherCondition ) {
    appendWithDelimiter(parameterBuffer, "anotherElementName", "," );
}

//Finally, to return a string representation, call toString() when returning.
return parameterBuffer.toString(); 

还有一个最小值(如果你只是为了连接字符串而不想将Apache Commons或Gauva包含到项目依赖项中)

/**
 *
 * @param delim : String that should be kept in between the parts
 * @param parts : parts that needs to be joined
 * @return  a String that's formed by joining the parts
 */
private static final String join(String delim, String... parts) {
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    for (int i = 0; i < parts.length - 1; i++) {
        builder.append(parts[i]).append(delim);
    }
    if(parts.length > 0){
        builder.append(parts[parts.length - 1]);
    }
    return builder.toString();
}

使用Java 5变量参数,所以你不需要将所有的字符串显式地填充到一个集合或数组中:

import junit.framework.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;

public class StringUtil
{
    public static String join(String delim, String... strings)
    {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();

        if (strings != null)
        {
            for (String str : strings)
            {
                if (builder.length() > 0)
                {
                    builder.append(delim).append(" ");
                }
                builder.append(str);
            }
        }           
        return builder.toString();
    }
    @Test
    public void joinTest()
    {
        Assert.assertEquals("", StringUtil.join(",", null));
        Assert.assertEquals("", StringUtil.join(",", ""));
        Assert.assertEquals("", StringUtil.join(",", new String[0]));
        Assert.assertEquals("test", StringUtil.join(",", "test"));
        Assert.assertEquals("foo, bar", StringUtil.join(",", "foo", "bar"));
        Assert.assertEquals("foo, bar, x", StringUtil.join(",", "foo", "bar", "x"));
    }
}