在Swift中有没有对应的Scala、Xtend、Groovy、Ruby等等?

var aofa = [[1,2,3],[4],[5,6,7,8,9]]
aofa.flatten() // shall deliver [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] 

当然我可以用reduce来做,但那有点糟糕

var flattened = aofa.reduce(Int[]()){
    a,i in var b : Int[] = a
    b.extend(i)
    return b
}

当前回答

修改了@RahmiBozdag的回答, 1. 公共扩展中的方法是公共的。 2. 删除了额外的方法,因为开始索引将始终为零。 3.我没有找到一种方法把compactMap内部为nil和可选的,因为内部方法T总是[Any?],欢迎提出任何建议。

 let array = [[[1, 2, 3], 4], 5, [6, [9], 10], 11, nil] as [Any?]

 public extension Array {

 func flatten<T>(_ index: Int = 0) -> [T] {
        guard index < self.count else { 
            return [] 
        }

        var flatten: [T] = []

        if let itemArr = self[index] as? [T] {
            flatten += itemArr.flatten()
        } else if let element = self[index] as? T {
            flatten.append(element)
        }
        return flatten + self.flatten(index + 1)
   }

}

let result: [Any] = array.flatten().compactMap { $0 }
print(result)
//[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11]

其他回答

Apple Swift 5.1.2版本(swiflang -1100.0.278) 目标:x86_64-apple-darwin19.2.0

let optionalNumbers = [[1, 2, 3, nil], nil, [4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]]
print(optionalNumbers.compactMap { $0 }) // [[Optional(1), Optional(2), Optional(3), nil], [Optional(4)], [Optional(5), Optional(6), Optional(7), Optional(8), Optional(9)]]
print(optionalNumbers.compactMap { $0 }.reduce([], +).map { $0 as? Int ?? nil }.compactMap{ $0 }) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
print(optionalNumbers.compactMap { $0 }.flatMap { $0 }.map { $0 as? Int ?? nil }.compactMap{ $0 }) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
print(Array(optionalNumbers.compactMap { $0 }.joined()).map { $0 as? Int ?? nil }.compactMap{ $0 }) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

let nonOptionalNumbers = [[1, 2, 3], [4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]]
print(nonOptionalNumbers.compactMap { $0 }) // [[1, 2, 3], [4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]]
print(nonOptionalNumbers.reduce([], +)) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
print(nonOptionalNumbers.flatMap { $0 }) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
print(Array(nonOptionalNumbers.joined())) // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

斯威夫特5.1

public extension Array where Element: Collection {

    func flatten() -> [Element.Element] {
        return reduce([], +)
    }
}

如果你也想在Dictionary值中使用它:

public extension Dictionary.Values where Value : Collection {
    func flatten() -> [Value.Element]{
         return self.reduce([], +)
    }
}

Swift >= 3.0

减少:

let numbers = [[1,2,3],[4],[5,6,7,8,9]]
let reduced = numbers.reduce([], +)

flatMap:

let numbers = [[1,2,3],[4],[5,6,7,8,9]]
let flattened = numbers.flatMap { $0 }

加入:

let numbers = [[1,2,3],[4],[5,6,7,8,9]]
let joined = Array(numbers.joined())

快4.倍

flatMap的这种用法并没有被弃用,它就是为此而生的。 https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/sequence/2905332-flatmap

var aofa = [[1,2,3],[4],[5,6,7,8,9]]
aofa.flatMap { $0 } //[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9] 

reduce的另一个更通用的实现,

let numbers = [[1,2,3],[4],[5,6,7,8,9]]
let reduced = reduce(numbers,[],+)

这完成了同样的事情,但可能会对reduce中发生的事情有更多的了解。

从苹果公司的文件来看,

func reduce<S : SequenceType, U>(sequence: S, initial: U, combine: (U, S.Generator.Element) -> U) -> U

描述

返回反复调用combine的结果,并依次返回初始化为initial的累积值和sequence的每个元素。