I think the questioner probably wants to make a program run faster by having multiple cores work on it in parallel. That's what I would want anyway but all the answers leave me no wiser. However, I think I get this: You can't synchronize different threads down to instruction execution time accuracy. So you can't get 4 cores to do a multiply on four different array elements in parallel to speed up processing by 4:1. Rather, you have to look at your program as comprising major blocks that execute sequentially like

对一些数据做FFT吗 把结果放到一个矩阵中，然后找出它的特征值和特征向量 根据特征值对后者进行排序 用新的数据重复第一步

What you can do is run step 2 on the results of step 1 while running step one in a different core on new data, and running step 3 on the results of step2 in a different core while step 2 is running on the next data and step 1 is running on the data after that. You can do this in Compaq Visual Fortran and Intel Fortran which is an evolution of CVF by writing three separate programs/ subroutines for the three steps and instead of one "calling" the next it calls an API to start its thread. They can share data by using COMMON which will be COMMON data memory to all threads. You have to study the manual till your head hurts and experiment until you get it to work but I have succeeded once at least.

汇编代码将转换为将在一个核心上执行的机器代码。如果你希望它是多线程的，你将不得不使用操作系统原语在不同的处理器上多次启动这段代码，或者在不同的核上启动不同的代码段——每个核将执行一个单独的线程。每个线程只能看到当前正在执行的一个内核。

根据我的理解，每个“核心”都是一个完整的处理器，有自己的寄存器集。基本上，BIOS启动时只运行一个核心，然后操作系统可以通过初始化其他核心并将它们指向要运行的代码等方式“启动”其他核心。

同步由操作系统完成。通常，每个处理器为操作系统运行不同的进程，因此操作系统的多线程功能负责决定哪个进程可以访问哪个内存，以及在内存碰撞的情况下该做什么。

I think the questioner probably wants to make a program run faster by having multiple cores work on it in parallel. That's what I would want anyway but all the answers leave me no wiser. However, I think I get this: You can't synchronize different threads down to instruction execution time accuracy. So you can't get 4 cores to do a multiply on four different array elements in parallel to speed up processing by 4:1. Rather, you have to look at your program as comprising major blocks that execute sequentially like

对一些数据做FFT吗 把结果放到一个矩阵中，然后找出它的特征值和特征向量 根据特征值对后者进行排序 用新的数据重复第一步

What you can do is run step 2 on the results of step 1 while running step one in a different core on new data, and running step 3 on the results of step2 in a different core while step 2 is running on the next data and step 1 is running on the data after that. You can do this in Compaq Visual Fortran and Intel Fortran which is an evolution of CVF by writing three separate programs/ subroutines for the three steps and instead of one "calling" the next it calls an API to start its thread. They can share data by using COMMON which will be COMMON data memory to all threads. You have to study the manual till your head hurts and experiment until you get it to work but I have succeeded once at least.

如果你在写优化 多核编译器/字节码虚拟机 中央处理器，你需要知道什么 特别是关于x86的制作 它生成有效运行的代码 在所有的核上?

作为编写优化编译器/字节码虚拟机的人，我可能能够在这里帮助你。

您不需要特别了解x86，就可以让它生成跨所有核心高效运行的代码。

但是，您可能需要了解cmpxchg及其相关知识，以便编写能够在所有核心上正确运行的代码。多核编程要求在执行线程之间使用同步和通信。

您可能需要了解一些关于x86的知识，以便让它生成在x86上高效运行的代码。

你还可以学习其他一些有用的东西:

您应该了解操作系统(Linux或Windows或OSX)提供的允许您运行多个线程的功能。你应该学习并行化api，比如OpenMP和Threading Building Blocks，或者OSX 10.6“Snow Leopard”即将推出的“Grand Central”。

您应该考虑编译器是否应该自动并行，或者编译器编译的应用程序的作者是否需要在他的程序中添加特殊的语法或API调用来利用多核。

每个核心从不同的内存区域执行。你的操作系统将把一个核心指向你的程序，这个核心将执行你的程序。你的程序不会知道有多个核或者它在哪个核上执行。

也没有仅用于操作系统的附加指令。这些核心与单核芯片是相同的。每个内核运行操作系统的一部分，该部分将处理与用于信息交换的公共内存区域的通信，以查找下一个要执行的内存区域。

这是一个简化，但它给了你基本的想法，它是如何做到的。更多关于多核和多处理器的信息在Embedded.com上有很多关于这个主题的信息…这个话题很快就变得复杂起来!