在Python多处理库中,是否有支持多个参数的pool.map变体?

import multiprocessing

text = "test"

def harvester(text, case):
    X = case[0]
    text + str(X)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=6)
    case = RAW_DATASET
    pool.map(harvester(text, case), case, 1)
    pool.close()
    pool.join()

当前回答

对我来说,以下是一个简单明了的解决方案:

from multiprocessing.pool import ThreadPool
from functools import partial
from time import sleep
from random import randint

def dosomething(var,s):
    sleep(randint(1,5))
    print(var)
    return var + s

array = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]
with ThreadPool(processes=5) as pool:
    resp_ = pool.map(partial(dosomething,s="2"), array)
    print(resp_)

输出:

a
b
d
e
c
['a2', 'b2', 'c2', 'd2', 'e2']

其他回答

pool.map是否有支持多个参数的变体?

Python 3.3包含pool.starmap()方法:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from functools import partial
from itertools import repeat
from multiprocessing import Pool, freeze_support

def func(a, b):
    return a + b

def main():
    a_args = [1,2,3]
    second_arg = 1
    with Pool() as pool:
        L = pool.starmap(func, [(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1)])
        M = pool.starmap(func, zip(a_args, repeat(second_arg)))
        N = pool.map(partial(func, b=second_arg), a_args)
        assert L == M == N

if __name__=="__main__":
    freeze_support()
    main()

对于旧版本:

#!/usr/bin/env python2
import itertools
from multiprocessing import Pool, freeze_support

def func(a, b):
    print a, b

def func_star(a_b):
    """Convert `f([1,2])` to `f(1,2)` call."""
    return func(*a_b)

def main():
    pool = Pool()
    a_args = [1,2,3]
    second_arg = 1
    pool.map(func_star, itertools.izip(a_args, itertools.repeat(second_arg)))

if __name__=="__main__":
    freeze_support()
    main()

输出

1 1
2 1
3 1

注意这里是如何使用itertools.izip()和itertools.crepeat()的。

由于@unsubu提到的错误,您不能在Python 2.6上使用functools.partial()或类似功能,因此应该显式定义简单包装函数func_tar()。另请参阅uptimebox建议的解决方法。

您可以使用以下两个函数,以避免为每个新函数编写包装器:

import itertools
from multiprocessing import Pool

def universal_worker(input_pair):
    function, args = input_pair
    return function(*args)

def pool_args(function, *args):
    return zip(itertools.repeat(function), zip(*args))

将函数函数与参数arg_0、arg_1和arg_2的列表一起使用,如下所示:

pool = Pool(n_core)
list_model = pool.map(universal_worker, pool_args(function, arg_0, arg_1, arg_2)
pool.close()
pool.join()

将Python 3.3+与pool.starmap()一起使用:

from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPool 

def write(i, x):
    print(i, "---", x)

a = ["1","2","3"]
b = ["4","5","6"] 

pool = ThreadPool(2)
pool.starmap(write, zip(a,b)) 
pool.close() 
pool.join()

结果:

1 --- 4
2 --- 5
3 --- 6

如果您喜欢,还可以zip()更多参数:zip(a,b,c,d,e)

如果希望将常量值作为参数传递:

import itertools

zip(itertools.repeat(constant), a)

如果您的函数应该返回以下内容:

results = pool.starmap(write, zip(a,b))

这将提供一个包含返回值的列表。

更好的方法是使用修饰符,而不是手工编写包装函数。特别是当您有很多函数要映射时,装饰器将通过避免为每个函数编写包装器来节省时间。通常,修饰函数是不可选择的,但是我们可以使用functools来解决它。更多讨论可以在这里找到。

以下是示例:

def unpack_args(func):
    from functools import wraps
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(args):
        if isinstance(args, dict):
            return func(**args)
        else:
            return func(*args)
    return wrapper

@unpack_args
def func(x, y):
    return x + y

然后你可以用压缩的参数来映射它:

np, xlist, ylist = 2, range(10), range(10)
pool = Pool(np)
res = pool.map(func, zip(xlist, ylist))
pool.close()
pool.join()

当然,您可能总是在Python3中使用Pool.starmap(>=3.3),正如其他答案中提到的那样。

import time
from multiprocessing import Pool


def f1(args):
    vfirst, vsecond, vthird = args[0] , args[1] , args[2]
    print(f'First Param: {vfirst}, Second value: {vsecond} and finally third value is: {vthird}')
    pass


if __name__ == '__main__':
    p = Pool()
    result = p.map(f1, [['Dog','Cat','Mouse']])
    p.close()
    p.join()
    print(result)