如何获取多个参数：

def f1(args):
    a, b, c = args[0] , args[1] , args[2]
    return a+b+c

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import multiprocessing
    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(4) 

    result1 = pool.map(f1, [ [1,2,3] ])
    print(result1)

更好的方法是使用修饰符，而不是手工编写包装函数。特别是当您有很多函数要映射时，装饰器将通过避免为每个函数编写包装器来节省时间。通常，修饰函数是不可选择的，但是我们可以使用functools来解决它。更多讨论可以在这里找到。

以下是示例：

def unpack_args(func):
    from functools import wraps
    @wraps(func)
    def wrapper(args):
        if isinstance(args, dict):
            return func(**args)
        else:
            return func(*args)
    return wrapper

@unpack_args
def func(x, y):
    return x + y

然后你可以用压缩的参数来映射它：

np, xlist, ylist = 2, range(10), range(10)
pool = Pool(np)
res = pool.map(func, zip(xlist, ylist))
pool.close()
pool.join()

当然，您可能总是在Python3中使用Pool.starmap（>=3.3），正如其他答案中提到的那样。

Python 2的更好解决方案：

from multiprocessing import Pool
def func((i, (a, b))):
    print i, a, b
    return a + b
pool = Pool(3)
pool.map(func, [(0,(1,2)), (1,(2,3)), (2,(3, 4))])

输出

2 3 4

1 2 3

0 1 2

out[]:

[3, 5, 7]

text = "test"

def unpack(args):
    return args[0](*args[1:])

def harvester(text, case):
    X = case[0]
    text+ str(X)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=6)
    case = RAW_DATASET
    # args is a list of tuples 
    # with the function to execute as the first item in each tuple
    args = [(harvester, text, c) for c in case]
    # doing it this way, we can pass any function
    # and we don't need to define a wrapper for each different function
    # if we need to use more than one
    pool.map(unpack, args)
    pool.close()
    pool.join()

我认为以下内容会更好：

def multi_run_wrapper(args):
   return add(*args)

def add(x,y):
    return x+y

if __name__ == "__main__":
    from multiprocessing import Pool
    pool = Pool(4)
    results = pool.map(multi_run_wrapper,[(1,2),(2,3),(3,4)])
    print results

输出

[3, 5, 7]

有一个叫做pathos的多处理分支（注意：使用GitHub上的版本），它不需要starmap——map函数镜像Python map的API，因此map可以接受多个参数。

使用pathos，您通常也可以在解释器中执行多处理，而不是陷入__main__块。Pathos将在经过一些轻微的更新后发布——主要是转换为Python3.x。

  Python 2.7.5 (default, Sep 30 2013, 20:15:49)
  [GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5566)] on darwin
  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
  >>> def func(a,b):
  ...     print a,b
  ...
  >>>
  >>> from pathos.multiprocessing import ProcessingPool
  >>> pool = ProcessingPool(nodes=4)
  >>> pool.map(func, [1,2,3], [1,1,1])
  1 1
  2 1
  3 1
  [None, None, None]
  >>>
  >>> # also can pickle stuff like lambdas
  >>> result = pool.map(lambda x: x**2, range(10))
  >>> result
  [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]
  >>>
  >>> # also does asynchronous map
  >>> result = pool.amap(pow, [1,2,3], [4,5,6])
  >>> result.get()
  [1, 32, 729]
  >>>
  >>> # or can return a map iterator
  >>> result = pool.imap(pow, [1,2,3], [4,5,6])
  >>> result
  <processing.pool.IMapIterator object at 0x110c2ffd0>
  >>> list(result)
  [1, 32, 729]

pathos有几种方法可以让你得到星图的精确行为。

>>> def add(*x):
...   return sum(x)
...
>>> x = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]
>>> import pathos
>>> import numpy as np
>>> # use ProcessPool's map and transposing the inputs
>>> pp = pathos.pools.ProcessPool()
>>> pp.map(add, *np.array(x).T)
[6, 15]
>>> # use ProcessPool's map and a lambda to apply the star
>>> pp.map(lambda x: add(*x), x)
[6, 15]
>>> # use a _ProcessPool, which has starmap
>>> _pp = pathos.pools._ProcessPool()
>>> _pp.starmap(add, x)
[6, 15]
>>>