是否有一种有效的方法来判断DOM元素(在HTML文档中)当前是否可见(出现在视口中)?
(这个问题指的是Firefox。)
当前回答
下面是一个函数，它告诉你一个元素在父元素的当前视口中是否可见:
function inParentViewport(el, pa) {
if (typeof jQuery === "function"){
if (el instanceof jQuery)
el = el[0];
if (pa instanceof jQuery)
pa = pa[0];
}
var e = el.getBoundingClientRect();
var p = pa.getBoundingClientRect();
return (
e.bottom >= p.top &&
e.right >= p.left &&
e.top <= p.bottom &&
e.left <= p.right
);
}
其他回答
一个更好的解决方案:
function getViewportSize(w) {
var w = w || window;
if(w.innerWidth != null)
return {w:w.innerWidth, h:w.innerHeight};
var d = w.document;
if (document.compatMode == "CSS1Compat") {
return {
w: d.documentElement.clientWidth,
h: d.documentElement.clientHeight
};
}
return { w: d.body.clientWidth, h: d.body.clientWidth };
}
function isViewportVisible(e) {
var box = e.getBoundingClientRect();
var height = box.height || (box.bottom - box.top);
var width = box.width || (box.right - box.left);
var viewport = getViewportSize();
if(!height || !width)
return false;
if(box.top > viewport.h || box.bottom < 0)
return false;
if(box.right < 0 || box.left > viewport.w)
return false;
return true;
}
作为公共服务: Dan的答案与正确的计算(元素可以>窗口，特别是在手机屏幕上)，并正确的jQuery测试，以及添加isElementPartiallyInViewport:
顺便说一下，窗户和窗户的区别。innerWidth和document.documentElement.clientWidth是clientWidth/clientHeight不包括滚动条，while窗口。innerWidth /高。
function isElementPartiallyInViewport(el)
{
// Special bonus for those using jQuery
if (typeof jQuery !== 'undefined' && el instanceof jQuery)
el = el[0];
var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
// DOMRect { x: 8, y: 8, width: 100, height: 100, top: 8, right: 108, bottom: 108, left: 8 }
var windowHeight = (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight);
var windowWidth = (window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth);
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/325933/determine-whether-two-date-ranges-overlap
var vertInView = (rect.top <= windowHeight) && ((rect.top + rect.height) >= 0);
var horInView = (rect.left <= windowWidth) && ((rect.left + rect.width) >= 0);
return (vertInView && horInView);
}
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/123999/how-to-tell-if-a-dom-element-is-visible-in-the-current-viewport
function isElementInViewport (el)
{
// Special bonus for those using jQuery
if (typeof jQuery !== 'undefined' && el instanceof jQuery)
el = el[0];
var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
var windowHeight = (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight);
var windowWidth = (window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth);
return (
(rect.left >= 0)
&& (rect.top >= 0)
&& ((rect.left + rect.width) <= windowWidth)
&& ((rect.top + rect.height) <= windowHeight)
);
}
function fnIsVis(ele)
{
var inVpFull = isElementInViewport(ele);
var inVpPartial = isElementPartiallyInViewport(ele);
console.clear();
console.log("Fully in viewport: " + inVpFull);
console.log("Partially in viewport: " + inVpPartial);
}
测试用例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<title>Test</title>
<!--
<script src="http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="scrollMonitor.js"></script>
-->
<script type="text/javascript">
function isElementPartiallyInViewport(el)
{
// Special bonus for those using jQuery
if (typeof jQuery !== 'undefined' && el instanceof jQuery)
el = el[0];
var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
// DOMRect { x: 8, y: 8, width: 100, height: 100, top: 8, right: 108, bottom: 108, left: 8 }
var windowHeight = (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight);
var windowWidth = (window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth);
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/325933/determine-whether-two-date-ranges-overlap
var vertInView = (rect.top <= windowHeight) && ((rect.top + rect.height) >= 0);
var horInView = (rect.left <= windowWidth) && ((rect.left + rect.width) >= 0);
return (vertInView && horInView);
}
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/123999/how-to-tell-if-a-dom-element-is-visible-in-the-current-viewport
function isElementInViewport (el)
{
// Special bonus for those using jQuery
if (typeof jQuery !== 'undefined' && el instanceof jQuery)
el = el[0];
var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
var windowHeight = (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight);
var windowWidth = (window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth);
return (
(rect.left >= 0)
&& (rect.top >= 0)
&& ((rect.left + rect.width) <= windowWidth)
&& ((rect.top + rect.height) <= windowHeight)
);
}
function fnIsVis(ele)
{
var inVpFull = isElementInViewport(ele);
var inVpPartial = isElementPartiallyInViewport(ele);
console.clear();
console.log("Fully in viewport: " + inVpFull);
console.log("Partially in viewport: " + inVpPartial);
}
// var scrollLeft = (window.pageXOffset !== undefined) ? window.pageXOffset : (document.documentElement || document.body.parentNode || document.body).scrollLeft,
// var scrollTop = (window.pageYOffset !== undefined) ? window.pageYOffset : (document.documentElement || document.body.parentNode || document.body).scrollTop;
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div style="display: block; width: 2000px; height: 10000px; background-color: green;">
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<input type="button" onclick="fnIsVis(document.getElementById('myele'));" value="det" />
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<div style="background-color: crimson; display: inline-block; width: 800px; height: 500px;" ></div>
<div id="myele" onclick="fnIsVis(this);" style="display: inline-block; width: 100px; height: 100px; background-color: hotpink;">
t
</div>
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<input type="button" onclick="fnIsVis(document.getElementById('myele'));" value="det" />
</div>
<!--
<script type="text/javascript">
var element = document.getElementById("myele");
var watcher = scrollMonitor.create(element);
watcher.lock();
watcher.stateChange(function() {
console.log("state changed");
// $(element).toggleClass('fixed', this.isAboveViewport)
});
</script>
-->
</body>
</html>
/**
* Returns Element placement information in Viewport
* @link https://stackoverflow.com/a/70476497/2453148
*
* @typedef {object} ViewportInfo - Whether the element is…
* @property {boolean} isInViewport - fully or partially in the viewport
* @property {boolean} isPartiallyInViewport - partially in the viewport
* @property {boolean} isInsideViewport - fully inside viewport
* @property {boolean} isAroundViewport - completely covers the viewport
* @property {boolean} isOnEdge - intersects the edge of viewport
* @property {boolean} isOnTopEdge - intersects the top edge
* @property {boolean} isOnRightEdge - intersects the right edge
* @property {boolean} isOnBottomEdge - is intersects the bottom edge
* @property {boolean} isOnLeftEdge - is intersects the left edge
*
* @param el Element
* @return {Object} ViewportInfo
*/
function getElementViewportInfo(el) {
let result = {};
let rect = el.getBoundingClientRect();
let windowHeight = window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight;
let windowWidth = window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth;
let insideX = rect.left >= 0 && rect.left + rect.width <= windowWidth;
let insideY = rect.top >= 0 && rect.top + rect.height <= windowHeight;
result.isInsideViewport = insideX && insideY;
let aroundX = rect.left < 0 && rect.left + rect.width > windowWidth;
let aroundY = rect.top < 0 && rect.top + rect.height > windowHeight;
result.isAroundViewport = aroundX && aroundY;
let onTop = rect.top < 0 && rect.top + rect.height > 0;
let onRight = rect.left < windowWidth && rect.left + rect.width > windowWidth;
let onLeft = rect.left < 0 && rect.left + rect.width > 0;
let onBottom = rect.top < windowHeight && rect.top + rect.height > windowHeight;
let onY = insideY || aroundY || onTop || onBottom;
let onX = insideX || aroundX || onLeft || onRight;
result.isOnTopEdge = onTop && onX;
result.isOnRightEdge = onRight && onY;
result.isOnBottomEdge = onBottom && onX;
result.isOnLeftEdge = onLeft && onY;
result.isOnEdge = result.isOnLeftEdge || result.isOnRightEdge ||
result.isOnTopEdge || result.isOnBottomEdge;
let isInX =
insideX || aroundX || result.isOnLeftEdge || result.isOnRightEdge;
let isInY =
insideY || aroundY || result.isOnTopEdge || result.isOnBottomEdge;
result.isInViewport = isInX && isInY;
result.isPartiallyInViewport =
result.isInViewport && result.isOnEdge;
return result;
}
新的交集观察者API非常直接地解决了这个问题。
这个解决方案将需要一个polyfill，因为Safari, Opera和Internet Explorer还不支持这个(polyfill包含在解决方案中)。
在这个解决方案中，在视图外有一个框，即目标(观察到的)。当它进入视图时，头部顶部的按钮是隐藏的。一旦框离开视图，就会显示它。
const buttonToHide = document.querySelector('button'); const hideWhenBoxInView = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => { if (entries[0].intersectionRatio <= 0) { // If not in view buttonToHide.style.display = "inherit"; } else { buttonToHide.style.display = "none"; } }); hideWhenBoxInView.observe(document.getElementById('box')); header { position: fixed; top: 0; width: 100vw; height: 30px; background-color: lightgreen; } .wrapper { position: relative; margin-top: 600px; } #box { position: relative; left: 175px; width: 150px; height: 135px; background-color: lightblue; border: 2px solid; } <script src="https://polyfill.io/v2/polyfill.min.js?features=IntersectionObserver"></script> <header> <button>NAVIGATION BUTTON TO HIDE</button> </header> <div class="wrapper"> <div id="box"> </div> </div>
在Android上放大谷歌Chrome浏览器时，最被接受的答案是不工作的。结合Dan的回答，要考虑Android上的Chrome，必须使用visualViewport。下面的例子只考虑了垂直检查，并使用jQuery来计算窗口高度:
var Rect = YOUR_ELEMENT.getBoundingClientRect();
var ElTop = Rect.top, ElBottom = Rect.bottom;
var WindowHeight = $(window).height();
if(window.visualViewport) {
ElTop -= window.visualViewport.offsetTop;
ElBottom -= window.visualViewport.offsetTop;
WindowHeight = window.visualViewport.height;
}
var WithinScreen = (ElTop >= 0 && ElBottom <= WindowHeight);
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