如果你想计算随后出现的次数，你可以使用sapply函数:

index<-sapply(1:length(numbers),function(x)sum(numbers[1:x]==numbers[x]))
cbind(numbers, index)

输出:

        numbers index
 [1,]       4     1
 [2,]      23     1
 [3,]       4     2
 [4,]      23     2
 [5,]       5     1
 [6,]      43     1
 [7,]      54     1
 [8,]      56     1
 [9,]     657     1
[10,]      67     1
[11,]      67     2
[12,]     435     1
[13,]     453     1
[14,]     435     2
[15,]     324     1
[16,]      34     1
[17,]     456     1
[18,]      56     2
[19,]     567     1
[20,]      65     1
[21,]      34     2
[22,]     435     3

你可以使用table():

> a <- table(numbers)
> a
numbers
  4   5  23  34  43  54  56  65  67 324 435 453 456 567 657 
  2   1   2   2   1   1   2   1   2   1   3   1   1   1   1 

然后你可以对它进行子集:

> a[names(a)==435]
435 
  3

或者将它转换为data.frame，如果你更喜欢使用它:

> as.data.frame(table(numbers))
   numbers Freq
1        4    2
2        5    1
3       23    2
4       34    2
...

这里有一个快速而肮脏的方法:

x <- 23
length(subset(numbers, numbers==x))

如果你想计算随后出现的次数，你可以使用sapply函数:

index<-sapply(1:length(numbers),function(x)sum(numbers[1:x]==numbers[x]))
cbind(numbers, index)

输出:

        numbers index
 [1,]       4     1
 [2,]      23     1
 [3,]       4     2
 [4,]      23     2
 [5,]       5     1
 [6,]      43     1
 [7,]      54     1
 [8,]      56     1
 [9,]     657     1
[10,]      67     1
[11,]      67     2
[12,]     435     1
[13,]     453     1
[14,]     435     2
[15,]     324     1
[16,]      34     1
[17,]     456     1
[18,]      56     2
[19,]     567     1
[20,]      65     1
[21,]      34     2
[22,]     435     3

2021年的基本解决方案

aggregate(numbers, list(num=numbers), length)

       num x
1        4 2
2        5 1
3       23 2
4       34 2
5       43 1
6       54 1
7       56 2
8       65 1
9       67 2
10     324 1
11     435 3
12     453 1
13     456 1
14     567 1
15     657 1

tapply(numbers, numbers, length)
  4   5  23  34  43  54  56  65  67 324 435 453 456 567 657 
  2   1   2   2   1   1   2   1   2   1   3   1   1   1   1 

by(numbers, list(num=numbers), length)
num: 4
[1] 2
-------------------------------------- 
num: 5
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 23
[1] 2
-------------------------------------- 
num: 34
[1] 2
-------------------------------------- 
num: 43
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 54
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 56
[1] 2
-------------------------------------- 
num: 65
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 67
[1] 2
-------------------------------------- 
num: 324
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 435
[1] 3
-------------------------------------- 
num: 453
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 456
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 567
[1] 1
-------------------------------------- 
num: 657
[1] 1

你可以创建一个函数来得到结果。

# your list
numbers <- c(4,23,4,23,5,43,54,56,657,67,67,435,
         453,435,324,34,456,56,567,65,34,435)

function1<-function(x){
    if(x==value){return(1)}else{ return(0) }
}

# set your value here
value<-4

# make a vector which return 1 if it equal to your value, 0 else
vector<-sapply(numbers,function(x) function1(x))
sum(vector)

结果:2