完美的例子如下:

try:
    #x = Hello + 20
    x = 10 + 20 
except:
    print 'I am in except block'
    x = 20 + 30
else:
    print 'I am in else block'
    x += 1
finally:
    print 'Finally x = %s' %(x)

代码块是不等效的。如果run_code1()抛出TypeError以外的异常，或者run_code2()抛出异常，finally子句也将运行，而第一个版本中的other_code()在这些情况下不会运行。

运行这些Python3代码来查看finally的需求:

CASE1:

count = 0
while True:
    count += 1
    if count > 3:
        break
    else:
        try:
            x = int(input("Enter your lock number here: "))

            if x == 586:
                print("Your lock has unlocked :)")

                break
            else:
                print("Try again!!")

                continue

        except:
            print("Invalid entry!!")
        finally:
            print("Your Attempts: {}".format(count))

例2:

count = 0

while True:
    count += 1
    if count > 3:
        break
    else:
        try:
            x = int(input("Enter your lock number here: "))

            if x == 586:
                print("Your lock has unlocked :)")

                break
            else:
                print("Try again!!")

                continue

        except:
            print("Invalid entry!!")

        print("Your Attempts: {}".format(count))

每次尝试以下输入:

随机整数 正确的代码是586(试试这个，你会得到你的答案) 随机字符串

**在学习Python的早期阶段。

为了让Abhijit Sahu对这个答案的评论更好看，并突出显示语法:

像这样，你可以观察到在以下情况下哪个代码块发生了什么:

try: 
    x = Hello + 20 
    x = 10 + 20 
except: 
    print 'I am in except block' 
    x = 20 + 30 
else: 
    print 'I am in else block' 
    x += 1 
finally: 
    print 'Finally x = %s' %(x) 

下面是一段代码来澄清两者的区别:

...

try: 
  a/b
  print('In try block')
  
except TypeError:
  print('In except block')
  
finally: 
  print('In finally block')

print('Outside')

A b = 0,1

输出:

In try block 
In finally block 
Outside

(没有错误，除了跳过块。)

A b = 1,0

输出:

In finally block

Traceback (most recent call last):
a/b
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero

(没有为ZeroDivisionError指定异常处理，只执行finally块。)

A, b = 0， '1'

输出:

In except block 
In finally block 
Outside

(异常被正确处理，程序没有中断。)

注意:如果你有一个except块来处理所有类型的错误，finally块将是多余的。

我试图运行一个代码，我想读excel表。问题是，如果有一个文件没有表命名说:SheetSum我不能移动到错误的位置!!我写的代码是:

def read_file(data_file):
    # data_file = '\rr\ex.xlsx'
    sheets = {}
    try:
        print("Reading file: "+data_file)
        sheets['df_1'] = pd.read_excel(open(data_file,'rb'), 'SheetSum')
    except Exception as excpt:
        print("Exception occurred", exc_info=True)
    return sheets

read_file(file)
shutil.move( file, dirpath +'\\processed_files')

给出错误:

[WinError 32]进程无法访问文件，因为它正在运行 由其他进程使用

我必须添加完整的尝试，除了与finally块，并告诉最后，我需要在任何情况下关闭文件，如:

def read_file(data_file):
    # data_file = '\rr\ex.xlsx'
    sheets = {}
    sheets_file = None
    try:
        print("Reading file: "+data_file)
        sheets_file = open(data_file,'rb')
        sheets['df_1'] = pd.read_excel(sheets_file, 'SheetSum')
    except Exception as excpt:
        print("Exception occurred", exc_info=True)
    finally:
        if sheets_file:
            sheets_file.close()
    return sheets

read_file(file)
shutil.move( file, dirpath +'\\processed_files')

否则，文件仍然保持打开是后台。

如果出现finally，则指定一个清理处理程序。的尝试 子句，包括except和else子句。如果一个 异常发生在任何子句中而不被处理，则 异常被暂时保存。finally子句被执行。如果 有一个保存的异常，它在finally结束时被重新引发 条款。如果finally子句引发另一个异常，则保存 异常被设置为新异常的上下文。

．．更多的在这里