可读正则表达式

在Python中，您可以将正则表达式拆分为多行，命名匹配并插入注释。

示例详细语法(来自Python):

>>> pattern = """
... ^                   # beginning of string
... M{0,4}              # thousands - 0 to 4 M's
... (CM|CD|D?C{0,3})    # hundreds - 900 (CM), 400 (CD), 0-300 (0 to 3 C's),
...                     #            or 500-800 (D, followed by 0 to 3 C's)
... (XC|XL|L?X{0,3})    # tens - 90 (XC), 40 (XL), 0-30 (0 to 3 X's),
...                     #        or 50-80 (L, followed by 0 to 3 X's)
... (IX|IV|V?I{0,3})    # ones - 9 (IX), 4 (IV), 0-3 (0 to 3 I's),
...                     #        or 5-8 (V, followed by 0 to 3 I's)
... $                   # end of string
... """
>>> re.search(pattern, 'M', re.VERBOSE)

命名匹配示例(摘自正则表达式HOWTO)

>>> p = re.compile(r'(?P<word>\b\w+\b)')
>>> m = p.search( '(((( Lots of punctuation )))' )
>>> m.group('word')
'Lots'

由于字符串字面值的串联，你也可以在不使用re.VERBOSE的情况下详细地编写一个正则表达式。

>>> pattern = (
...     "^"                 # beginning of string
...     "M{0,4}"            # thousands - 0 to 4 M's
...     "(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})"  # hundreds - 900 (CM), 400 (CD), 0-300 (0 to 3 C's),
...                         #            or 500-800 (D, followed by 0 to 3 C's)
...     "(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})"  # tens - 90 (XC), 40 (XL), 0-30 (0 to 3 X's),
...                         #        or 50-80 (L, followed by 0 to 3 X's)
...     "(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})"  # ones - 9 (IX), 4 (IV), 0-3 (0 to 3 I's),
...                         #        or 5-8 (V, followed by 0 to 3 I's)
...     "$"                 # end of string
... )
>>> print pattern
"^M{0,4}(CM|CD|D?C{0,3})(XC|XL|L?X{0,3})(IX|IV|V?I{0,3})$"

只需少量的工作，线程模块就变得非常容易使用。此装饰器更改函数，使其在自己的线程中运行，返回占位符类实例，而不是常规结果。你可以通过检查placeolder来探测答案。结果或通过调用placeholder.awaitResult()来等待它。

def threadify(function):
    """
    exceptionally simple threading decorator. Just:
    >>> @threadify
    ... def longOperation(result):
    ...     time.sleep(3)
    ...     return result
    >>> A= longOperation("A has finished")
    >>> B= longOperation("B has finished")

    A doesn't have a result yet:
    >>> print A.result
    None

    until we wait for it:
    >>> print A.awaitResult()
    A has finished

    we could also wait manually - half a second more should be enough for B:
    >>> time.sleep(0.5); print B.result
    B has finished
    """
    class thr (threading.Thread,object):
        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
            threading.Thread.__init__ ( self )  
            self.args, self.kwargs = args, kwargs
            self.result = None
            self.start()
        def awaitResult(self):
            self.join()
            return self.result        
        def run(self):
            self.result=function(*self.args, **self.kwargs)
    return thr

模块操作符中的Getter函数

模块操作符中的函数attrgetter()和itemgetter()可用于生成用于排序和搜索对象和字典的快速访问函数

Python库文档中的第6.7章

内置base64, zlib和rot13编解码器

字符串有编码和解码方法。通常这用于将str转换为unicode，反之亦然，例如u = s.c encode('utf8')。但还有其他一些方便的内置编解码器。使用zlib(和bz2)进行压缩和解压，无需显式导入:

>>> s = 'a' * 100
>>> s.encode('zlib')
'x\x9cKL\xa4=\x00\x00zG%\xe5'

类似地，你可以编码和解码base64:

>>> 'Hello world'.encode('base64')
'SGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=\n'
>>> 'SGVsbG8gd29ybGQ=\n'.decode('base64')
'Hello world'

当然，你也可以:

>>> 'Secret message'.encode('rot13')
'Frperg zrffntr'

Re-raising例外:

# Python 2 syntax
try:
    some_operation()
except SomeError, e:
    if is_fatal(e):
        raise
    handle_nonfatal(e)

# Python 3 syntax
try:
    some_operation()
except SomeError as e:
    if is_fatal(e):
        raise
    handle_nonfatal(e)

错误处理程序中不带参数的“raise”语句告诉Python在原始回溯完整的情况下重新引发异常，允许你说“哦，对不起，对不起，我不是有意捕捉那个，对不起，对不起。”

如果你想打印、存储或修改原始的traceback，你可以使用sys.exc_info()来获取它，并且像Python一样使用'traceback'模块来打印它。

就地值交换

>>> a = 10
>>> b = 5
>>> a, b
(10, 5)

>>> a, b = b, a
>>> a, b
(5, 10)

赋值语句的右边是一个表达式，用于创建一个新的元组。赋值的左边立即将(未引用的)元组解包为名称a和b。

赋值之后，新的元组不被引用，并标记为垃圾收集，绑定到a和b的值已经交换。

正如Python教程中关于数据结构的部分所述，

注意，多重赋值实际上只是元组打包和序列解包的组合。