如果你想要查询的输出包含列名并正确对齐为列，可以在sqlite3中使用这些命令:

.headers on
.mode column

你会得到如下输出:

sqlite> .headers on
sqlite> .mode column
sqlite> select * from mytable;
id          foo         bar
----------  ----------  ----------
1           val1        val2
2           val3        val4

-(NSMutableDictionary*)tableInfo:(NSString *)table
{
  sqlite3_stmt *sqlStatement;
  NSMutableDictionary *result = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
  const char *sql = [[NSString stringWithFormat:@"pragma table_info('%s')",[table UTF8String]] UTF8String];
  if(sqlite3_prepare(db, sql, -1, &sqlStatement, NULL) != SQLITE_OK)
  {
    NSLog(@"Problem with prepare statement tableInfo %@",[NSString stringWithUTF8String:(const char *)sqlite3_errmsg(db)]);

  }
  while (sqlite3_step(sqlStatement)==SQLITE_ROW)
  {
    [result setObject:@"" forKey:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:(char*)sqlite3_column_text(sqlStatement, 1)]];

  }

  return result;
  }

     //Called when application is started. It works on Droidscript, it is tested
     function OnStart()
     {
     //Create a layout with objects vertically centered. 
     lay = app.CreateLayout( "linear", "VCenter,FillXY" );  

     //Create a text label and add it to layout.
     txt = app.CreateText( "", 0.9, 0.4, "multiline" )  
     lay.AddChild( txt );
     app.AddLayout(lay);

     db = app.OpenDatabase( "MyData" )  
  
     //Create a table (if it does not exist already).  
     db.ExecuteSql( "drop table if exists test_table" )
     db.ExecuteSql( "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS test_table " +  
       "(id integer primary key, data text, num integer)",[],null, OnError )  
        db.ExecuteSql( "insert into test_table values (1,'data10',100), 
        (2,'data20',200),(3,'data30',300)")
        //Get all the table rows.      
        DisplayAllRows("SELECT * FROM test_table");
        DisplayAllRows("select *, id+100 as idplus, 'hahaha' as blabla from 
        test_table order by id desc;") 
     }

//function to display all records 
function DisplayAllRows(sqlstring)  // <-- can you use for any table not need to 
                                //  know column names, just use a *
                                // example: 
{ 
//Use all rows what is in ExecuteSql  (try any, it will works fine)
db.ExecuteSql( sqlstring, [], OnResult, OnError ) 
} 
//Callback to show query results in debug.  
function OnResult( res )   
{  
var len = res.rows.length; 
var s = txt.GetText();  
// ***********************************************************************
// This is the answer how to read column names from table:
for(var ColumnNames in res.rows.item(0)) s += " [ "+ ColumnNames +" ] "; // "[" & "]" optional, i use only in this demo 
// ***********************************************************************
//app.Alert("Here is all Column names what Select from your table:\n"+s);
s+="\n";
for(var i = 0; i < len; i++ )   
{  
    var rows = res.rows.item(i) 
    for (var item in rows) 
        {
            s += "    " + rows[item] + "   ";
        }
    s+="\n\n";
} 
//app.Alert(s);
txt.SetText( s )  
}  
//Callback to show errors.  
function OnError( msg )   
{  
   app.Alert( "Error: " + msg )  
}  

如果您正在使用SQLite3，则不支持INFORMATION_SCHEMA。使用PRAGMA table_info代替。这将返回关于表的6行信息。要获取列名(row2)，使用如下所示的for循环

cur.execute("PRAGMA table_info(table_name)")  # fetches the 6 rows of data
records = cur.fetchall() 
print(records)
for row in records:
    print("Columns: ", row[1])

获得这里没有提到的列名列表的另一种方法是，从PRAGMA_TABLE_INFO()表值函数中进行选择，这种方法是跨平台的，不依赖于sqlite3.exe shell。

SELECT name FROM PRAGMA_TABLE_INFO('your_table');
name      
tbl_name  
rootpage  
sql

您可以通过查询来检查某个列是否存在:

SELECT 1 FROM PRAGMA_TABLE_INFO('your_table') WHERE name='column1';
1

如果你不想解析select sql from sqlite_master或pragma table_info的结果，你可以使用它。

注意此特性是实验性的，在SQLite 3.16.0(2017-01-02)版本中添加。

参考:

https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragfunc

获取一个表和列的列表作为视图:

CREATE VIEW Table_Columns AS
SELECT m.tbl_name AS TableView_Name, m.type AS TableView, cid+1 AS Column, p.*
FROM sqlite_master m, Pragma_Table_Info(m.tbl_name) p
WHERE m.type IN ('table', 'view') AND
   ( m.tbl_name = 'mypeople' OR m.tbl_name LIKE 'US_%')   -- filter tables
ORDER BY m.tbl_name;